Creationism and Evolutionism

Creationism and Evolutionism are concepts that share the limit of exclusivism and dualistic opposition. Just consider 100.000 million years, and try to give a definition of this period in one word. Have you been able to explained what happened or have You just found out that the limitation of your thought, and concepts you are using, is to strong to allow You to reach the answer You are looking for? I advice You to reconsider fixed mentality, the need for singular solutions and partial understanding of nature, because manipulation, interference, coexistence of different models, as well as palingenesis acted at the same time. Genome, will give you the answers, as long as You are ready to read it and understand what it says. 
                                                                                                                                                Jedi Simon

Walking Amidst the Dinosaurs by Bert Thompson, Ph.D. Brad Harrub, Ph.D.

The numbers were staggering! Some time ago at a camp for Christian young people, a short, three-question quiz was given to the teenagers in attendance—most of whom were from homes with Christian parents (and many of whom already had made the decision to become a Christian themselves). The first question asked simply, “How long ago did the dinosaurs live?,” and provided four possible answers. Over 70% of those present answered that dinosaurs had walked this Earth millions of years ago. People enamored with the type of material normally found within the pages of Time magazine, or National Geographic, or those who watch CNN and the Discovery channel, probably would not find that answer alarming. But try to harmonize the idea that dinosaurs existed millions of years ago—long before man is supposed to have arrived—with the Genesis account of creation. It simply cannot be done.

These youngsters were not atheists or agnostics from some “intellectually elite” university; they were our children—children who have been reared and nurtured in the church, and who believe Jesus Christ is the divine Son of God Who lived and died for them. And yet, by the time many had reached their teens, they already had discounted the words of the Bible in favor of an evolutionary timeline that, from their vantage point at least, is dominated by the most amazing creatures ever to have lived—the dinosaurs.

Ask an average 10-year-old boy or girl when the dinosaurs existed, and see what response you get. Follow up that question with one about whether or not men lived with the dinosaurs, and watch how quickly that same 10-year-old’s brow wrinkles in quizzical shock at the very idea of such. Chances are, that excited little face—which belongs to a child who could share a veritable plethora of dinosaur trivia with you—will change into a puzzled look that is accompanied by a troubling frown. For, you see, we live in a world where our children are taught that dinosaurs evolved, and became extinct, millions and millions of years ago—long before man arrived on the scene. And so, those precious little souls march off to school, where they will learn about the “terribly great lizards”—completely unaware of the fact that what they are learning is thoroughly at odds with the biblical account of creation.

One thing on which both creationists and evolutionists agree is that dinosaurs make marvelous teaching tools. Rare is the adult—and even more rare is the child—who does not have a keen interest in dinosaurs. These magnificent beasts with the polysyllabic names capture our attention as we fixate on their massive size, their lizard-like skin, or the terror they apparently were able to create as they roamed the planet. From kindergarten through graduate school, dinosaurs frequently are used as a tool to indoctrinate students regarding the “fact” of organic evolution. In most public school, college, and university settings, whenever dinosaurs are discussed, it is in the context of their evolutionary origin, development, and extinction. Additionally, students are told about how the dinosaurs evolved into what we now know as birds.

What effect does this kind of teaching have on young minds? If the correspondence we receive at Apologetics Press on a regular basis via telephone calls, e-mail, and regular mail is any indication, the evolution-based teaching regarding dinosaurs may be pulling more of our children away from the church than any other single concept. Because practically all youngsters have a fascination with dinosaurs, and because teachers are among the most trusted of all adults, children often accept without question evolutionary dogma and its accompanying concept of an ancient Earth. With what results? If testimony from many of the evolutionists themselves is taken at face value, the study of dinosaurs was the deciding factor in their conclusion to abandon their belief in God and to accept in its place organic evolution. Evolutionists like the late paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould of Harvard, the famed dinosaur hunter, Robert Bakker, and others are on record as stating that it was the study of dinosaurs, at a very young age, which set them on their lifelong path as evolutionists. Dr. Bakker even commented on this fact in the preface to his immensely popular book on dinosaurs (1986, p. 9). Edward O. Wilson, the father of the discipline known as sociobiology, once commented that when he was fifteen years old, he had “great fervor and interest in the fundamentalist religion; I left at seventeen when I got to the University of Alabama and heard about evolutionary theory” (1982, p. 40). Henry M. Morris, former professor and department head at Virginia Polytechnic Institute, observed that he “spent over twenty-eight years teaching in secular universities and saw this sad tale repeated in many lives” (1984, p. 113). Because dinosaurs are fascinating to children, because they are such an effective teaching aid, and because they generally are used to teach evolution, these creatures represent a formidable tool to be used in robbing students of all ages of their faith in God and His Word. This makes the controversy over dinosaurs most important.
DID DINOSAURS REALLY EXIST?

One of the worst mistakes we can make as parents, grandparents, and teachers is to suggest that dinosaurs never existed. While such a response may appear, at first glance, to be a simple and quick solution to “the dinosaur dilemma,” in reality, it is a response that becomes impossible to defend when our children visit a museum and come face to face with a two-story-tall Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton. Children cannot be expected to deny such tangible, forceful evidence, and at the same time believe a well-meaning but very wrong parent. Did dinosaurs really exist? Most certainly! We have discovered their fossilized remains on all seven continents—from North America to the Antarctic. As a matter of fact, great dinosaur graveyards have been discovered in places like Tanzania, Africa, and at the Dinosaur National Monument on the Colorado/Utah border in the United States. Literally tons of fossilized dinosaur bones have been recovered from all over the globe. In 1993, Mike Hammer even unearthed a fossilized dinosaur (from the Hell Creek formation in northwestern South Dakota) that was said to still possess the ancient creature’s heart. Plus, of course, paleontologists have unearthed numerous caches of fossilized dinosaur eggs.

The first discovery of the dinosaurs, as far as “recent” times is concerned, occurred in the spring of 1822. Gideon Mantell, a country doctor in England with a lifelong passion for fossil hunting, set off in horse and buggy to visit a patient. His wife, Mary Ann, accompanied him on the trip. While Dr. Mantell tended to his ill patient, Mrs. Mantell took a stroll. As she walked, she came across a pile of stones that had been placed alongside the road to be used in filling ruts caused by the spring rains. Amidst those stones, she discovered what appeared to be very large fossil teeth. She took the fossils back to her husband (a well-known, amateur paleontologist in his own right), who was amazed, never having seen such huge teeth before. He went to the nearby rock quarry from which the stones were cut, and found more teeth like those that his wife had discovered. He presented the teeth to several scientists, but none agreed with him that they were from some type of heretofore-unknown creature. He, however, was stubbornly sure that they were. In 1825, he named the long-dead owner of the teeth, Iguanodon (“iguana-tooth”), since the teeth were similar to those of an iguana, but much larger. Several years later, more teeth like these were discovered in a different quarry. Now, no one doubted that Iguanodon had once existed. Meanwhile, huge bones of another creature (which came to be known as Megalosaurus) had been dug up farther away in Oxfordshire. By 1842, enough of these kinds of fossils had been uncovered to convince the leading British anatomist, Sir Richard Owen of the British Museum of Natural History, that an entire tribe of huge, lizard-like reptiles had lived in the distant past. Based on his studies, he named them “dinosaurs” (from the Greek words deinos and sauros, translated by him as “fearfully great lizards”)—known to us today as “terribly great lizards.”

Soon, American fossil hunters joined in the search. The climax came in March of 1877, when two schoolmasters—Arthur Lakes and O.W. Lucas—separately stumbled onto colossal fossil bones projecting from the rocks in different parts of the state of Colorado. Lakes showed his find to the well-known paleontologist, Othniel Marsh. Lucas showed his find to Marsh’s bitter rival, Edward Cope. Marsh and Cope became the most famous of all the “dinosaur hunters.” All told, Cope named nine new genera of dinosaurs, while Marsh named nineteen. Now, no one who bothered to keep up with the times doubted the existence of the dinosaurs.
WHEN DID DINOSAURS EXIST?

The question no longer was, “did the dinosaurs exist?,” but “when did the dinosaurs exist?” Today, an important controversy exists between evolutionists and creationists regarding the matter of exactly when the dinosaurs lived. In fact, a chasm exists between these two groups that never will be bridged—so long as each side maintains its present view. Evolutionists advocate that dinosaurs evolved from some ancient reptile 200 million years ago, and that they became extinct roughly 65-70 million years ago. Man (in one form or another) allegedly evolved approximately 2-3 million years ago, and thus was separated from the dinosaurs by some 65 million years of geologic time.

Creationists who accept Genesis 1-2 as an accurate, historical record of God’s creative activity, oppose such claims, and maintain instead that the dinosaurs were created by God within the six literal days described in the biblical record. Genesis informs us that all creatures were created during the Creation week (cf. also Exodus 20:11 and 31:17). Genesis also instructs us regarding the fact that dinosaurs, as land-dwelling animals, were formed on day six—the same day on which man was created. Thus, the inescapable conclusion is that dinosaurs and man would have lived together on the Earth as contemporaries.

Truth be told, dinosaurs and men did coexist as contemporaries. There is no other conclusion that respects the clear, compelling statements of the inspired Word of God. For some people, however, such a conclusion simply is not acceptable, and they have gone to incredible lengths in order to avoid the import and implications of the Bible’s teaching on this subject. Consider, to choose just one example, the following statements from John N. Clayton of South Bend, Indiana:
(1) If dinosaurs existed 200 million years before Adam and Eve it does not present any problem to a literal understanding of the Genesis record (1968b, p. 16).
(2) I have no way of telling where man’s beginning should be on the chart [of geological time—BH/BT]. Clearly man has become the dominant form of life on the Earth only in modern times, but where Adam and Eve fitted into this picture is unclear (1968b, p. 35).
(3) Birds, mammals and man are mentioned; and all of these are recent additions to the Earth geologically (1977, p. 151).
(4) Man is a very recent newcomer to this planet (1968a, lesson 8).
(5) Genesis 1:1 simply says, “In the beginning God created the Heaven and the Earth.” The verse is undated, untimed, and without details as to how this was done. Tradition has said that the first verse is an instantaneous event and that verses 2-31 detail how it was done. It does not seem to this writer that this interpretation is consistent with the flow of the language and the message.... Could not dinosaurs and many other forms have been involved in the production of an Earth ready for man? I further submit for your consideration that some time may be involved in this verse and that natural processes may have been used as well as miraculous ones to prepare the Earth for man (1982, pp. 5-6).

Contrast such statements (“Man is a very recent newcomer to this planet”) with statements from Jesus Christ Himself: “But from the beginning of the creation, male and female made he them” (Mark 10:6; cf. Matthew 19:4, emp. added). Further contrast such statements (“all of these are recent additions to the earth geologically”) to statements of the inspired apostle Paul:
For the invisible things of him since the creation of the world are clearly seen, being perceived through the things that are made, even his everlasting power and divinity; that they may be without excuse (Romans 1:20, emp. added).

The term “perceived” is from the Greek noeo, a word used for rational human intelligence. Paul, speaking by inspiration, stated that someone human was “perceiving.” What, exactly, were they perceiving? The things God had made. How long had they perceived those things? Since the creation of the world! Who, from a human vantage point, was doing the “perceiving”? Adam (1 Corinthians 15:45; Romans 5:14) and Eve (1 Timothy 2:13). The apostle’s point was that Adam and Eve had been present since the creation of the world (i.e., as a part of the six-day creative activity of God), perceiving the things that were made. And that includes the dinosaurs!
EVIDENCE THAT HUMANS AND DINOSAURS COEXISTED

An article in the January 1993 National Geographic boldly proclaimed: “No human being has ever seen a live dinosaur” (“Age of the Dinosaurs,” 1993, 183[1]:142). The evidence, however, reveals an entirely different story. Consider the following:
The Doheny Expedition

In the late 1800s, Samuel Hubbard, honorary curator of archaeology at the Oakland, California, Museum of Natural History, was excavating ancient Indian dwellings in the Hava Supai Canyon in Arizona. On the walls of the canyon where the Indians’ ancestors once lived, Dr. Hubbard found elegant drawings of an elephant, an ibex, a dinosaur, and other animals. He stated concerning the dinosaur drawing: “Taken all in all, the proportions are good.” He further suggested that the huge reptile is “depicted in the attitude in which man would be most likely to see it—reared on its hind legs, balancing with the long tail, either feeding or in fighting position, possibly defending itself against a party of men” (as quoted in Verrill, 1954, pp. 155ff.). Dr. Hubbard also noted:
The fact that some prehistoric man made a pictograph of a dinosaur on the walls of this canyon upsets completely all of our theories regarding the antiquity of man.... The fact that the animal is upright and balanced on its tail would seem to indicate that the prehistoric artist must have seen it alive (1925, pp. 5,7, emp. in orig.).
Left: Edmontosaurus (courtesy of Paul S. Taylor, Eden Communications).
Right: Petroglyph discovered by Dr. Samuel Hubbard in Havai Supai Canyon (courtesy of www.bible.ca).


Nearby, Dr. Hubbard and his team of archaeologists discovered dinosaur tracks preserved in strata identified as Triassic—alleged by evolutionists to be more than 165 million years old. Question: How could Indians have known how to draw such a perfect picture of an animal (the dinosaur) that they never had seen (or had described to them by someone who had seen it)?

According to the belief commonly held by evolutionists, no advanced mammals were present during the “age of the dinosaurs.” Artists’ reconstructions generally show the huge reptiles living in swamps, surrounded only by other species of dinosaurs. The late evolutionary paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson suggested that the only mammals that had evolved up to that point in time (even at the very end of the Cretaceous period) were supposedly “small, mostly about mouse-sized, and rare” (Simpson, et al., 1957, p. 797). In his book, Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History, Stephen J. Gould addressed the same issue when he wrote:
Mammals evolved at the end of the Triassic, at the same time as dinosaurs, or just a tad later. Mammals spent their first hundred million years—two-thirds of their total history—as small creatures living in the nooks and crannies of a dinosaur’s world. Their sixty million years of success following the demise of the dinosaurs has been something of an afterthought (1989, p. 318).

It thus is completely unthinkable, in evolutionary terms, that dinosaurs and advanced mammals (like elephants or giraffes) could have co-existed. Again, however, Dr. Hubbard’s discoveries have “thrown a monkey wrench” into the evolutionary timescale.

However, a discovery reported in the January 13, 2005, issue of Nature challenged everything evolutionists have ever maintained regarding dinosaurs and mammals. The Associated Press reported: “Villagers digging in China’s rich fossil beds have uncovered the preserved remains of a tiny dinosaur in the belly of a mammal, a startling discovery for scientists who have long believed early mammals couldn’t possibly attack and eat a dinosaur” (Verrengia, 2005). Not only do we now have additional proof of mammals coexisting with dinosaurs, but we also have scientific evidence of a large mammal eating a dinosaur! The authors discovered the fossil remains of two different mammals. One was 50% larger than previous mammal fossils that were considered to be living with the dinosaurs, and was named Repenomamus giganticus. The other, Repenomamus robustus was fully intact—and had a dinosaur in its stomach. Yaoming Hu and his colleagues noted:
During preparation of the specimen a patch of small bones was revealed within the ribcage, on the ventral sides of the posterior left thoracic ribs and vertebrae, where the stomach is positioned in extant mammals. Unduplicated dentition [teeth—BH], limb bones and phalanges [bones of the toes or “fingers”—] in the patch confirm that these bones belong to a juvenile individual of Psittacosaurus, an herbivorous dinosaur that is common in Jehol Biota. The serrated teeth in the patched skeleton are typical of juvenile Psittacosaurus. The skull and most of the skeleton of the juvenile Psittacosaurus are broken, disarticulated and displaced, in contrast to the preservation of the R. robustus skeleton, which is essentially in its original anatomical relation. Although fragmentary, the bones of the Psittacosaurus are packed in a restricted area. These conditions indicate that the juvenile skeleton of Psittacosaurus is the remaining stomach contents of the mammal (Hu, et al., 2005, 433:151).

To complicate matters, researchers reported in the April 18, 2002 issue of Nature, one of the premier science journals in the world, that they now have determined that the “last common ancestor of extant primates” existed (as dated by evolutionary dating methods) 85 million years ago (Tavaré, et al., 2002). Since dinosaurs are supposed to have died out 65 million years ago, that means the primate would have lived with the dinosaurs for at least 20 million years. One of the co-authors of the Nature paper, Christophe Soligo of London’s Natural History Museum, stated in regard to the find: “What we demonstrate is that modern orders of mammals appeared well before dinosaurs disappeared...” (see “Primate Ancestor Lived with Dinos,” 2002). So much for the belief that mammals evolved “just a tad later” than the dinosaurs.
Ica Burial Stones

Javier Cabrera Darquea came into possession of his first burial stone (from the Ica section of the country of Peru) when he was given one as a paperweight for his birthday. Ironically, he could recall his own father also possessing similar oddly carved stones that his family found in their fields in the 1930s. Dr. Darquea sought out the origin of his unique gift, in an effort to amass a collection of these unique stones, and eventually assembled over 11,000 of them. The rocks turned out to be ancient burial stones that the Inca Indians placed with their dead. Almost one-third of the stones depicted specific types of dinosaurs (such as Triceratops and Stegosaurus) and various pterosaurs. The type of art form represented by these stones, and their location, dated them to the time of the Inca Culture, c. A.D. 500-1500. How could these ancient Indians have known the anatomy of these creatures if they never had witnessed them firsthand?
Image courtesy of www.bible.ca


Validation of these stones comes from a full understanding of their history. In the 1570s, the Indian historian and chronicler of the Incas, Juan de Santa Cruz Llamgui, wrote about the engraved stones. He noted that Conquistadors had taken some of the stones back to Spain, and wrote that at the time of the Inca Pachachuti, many carved stones had been found in the kingdom of Chinca, in Chinchayunga. On October 3, 1993, the OJO, Lima Domingo, a major newspaper based in Lima, Peru, reported a Spanish priest traveling in the area of Ica in 1525, inquiring about the unusual stones that had strange animals carved on them. These reports verify that the stones were in existence long before those discovered by Dr. Darquea. Since that time, other investigators have had the opportunity to observe stones in Nasca tombs, as well as to inspect the entire Darquea collection.

Interestingly, several Diplodocus-like dinosaurs on the stones have what appear to be dermal frills—something never previously reported by scientists. In 1992, however, dermal frills were found during an examination of fossilized remains of sauropods. In an article titled “New Look for Sauropod Dinosaurs,” paleontologist Stephen Czerkas noted:
Recent discovery of fossilized sauropod (diplodocid) skin impressions reveals a significantly different appearance for these dinosaurs. The fossilized skin demonstrates that a median row of [dermal] spines was present.... Some are quite narrow, and others are broader and more conical (1992, 20:1068).

Also, the skin of many of the carved dinosaurs resembled bumpy rosettes. For many years, scientists pointed to this as proof that these stones were not scientifically accurate. However, more recent discoveries of fossilized dinosaur skin and embryos have silenced the critics. In more than one report, these bumpy rosettes have been identified and discussed. In fact, one of the discoveries comes from the same continent as the Ica burial stones. Luis Chiappe and colleagues discussed sauropod dinosaur embryos, noting:
The general skin pattern consists of round, non-overlapping, tubercle-like scales.... A rosette pattern of scales is present in PVPH-130 [designation for one of the specimens—BH/BT] (Chiappe, et al., 1998, 396:259).

Again, we must ask: How could the Incas have drawn such accurate pictures of dinosaurs if they never had seen the animals (or had them described by someone who had seen them)? [For a discussion of Dr. Darquea’s research, see Swift, 1997].
Natural Bridges National Monument Petroglyph

Natural Bridges National Monument is located in a desolate area in southeastern Utah. Visitors to this site will see where the White River has carved meandering paths through the sandstone rock. Three natural bridges have formed where these wandering streams have undercut the above rock formations: Sipapu Bridge (the second largest natural bridge in the world); Kachina Bridge; and Owachomo Bridge. It is at Kachina Bridge where an Indian petroglyph depicting a dinosaur was discovered. In fact, visitors to the site can see three or four drawings that appear to be dinosaur-like creatures. Francis Barnes, an evolutionist and widely recognized authority on rock art of the American Southwest, had this to say about this find just outside of Blanding, Utah:
There is a petroglyph in Natural Bridges National Monument that bears a startling resemblance to a dinosaur, specifically a Brontosaurus, with long tail and neck, small head and all. In the San Rafael Swell, there is a pictograph that looks very much like a pterosaur, a Cretaceous flying reptile. The artists who created this “pterosaur,” and the “dinosaur,” could of course, have been trying to portray some other real or imagined creatures. But what about other animals seen on rock art panels, such as “impalas,” “ostriches,” “mammoths” and others that either are long extinct in the western hemisphere or were never here at all? Such anomalous rock art figures can be explained away, but they still tend to cast doubt upon the admittedly flimsy relative-time age-dating schemes used by archaeologists (Barnes and Pendleton, 1979, pp. 201-202).

If National Geographic is correct in stating that “no human being has ever seen a live dinosaur,” then whence came the models for these petroglyphs?
The Acambaro Figurines

On a bright and sunny morning in July 1944, Waldemar Julsrud, a German merchant in Acambaro, Mexico, found himself riding on horseback on the lower slope of El Toro (The Bull) Mountain. From his elevated vantage point, Mr. Julsrud spotted some partially exposed, hewn stones and a ceramic object half buried in the dirt. After climbing off his horse, he dug the stones (and a few ceramic pieces) out of the ground. Being somewhat archaeologically astute, Julsrud immediately realized that these artifacts were unlike anything that he had ever seen. The objects he held in his hand seemed distinctively different than those from other known Indian cultures. He eventually worked out a deal with a local farmer to excavate these precious pieces.

Eventually, over 33,500 figurines and artifacts of ceramic and stone (including some in jade) were uncovered. A key feature of this discovery was the fact that many of the artifacts were highly detailed dinosaur figurines. Charles Hapgood, a professor of history and anthropology at Keene State College (of the University of New Hampshire), became interested in the figurines and decided to investigate firsthand. Initially, Hapgood was a self-confessed (but open-minded) skeptic. However, after witnessing the excavations (even going so far as to dictate specific locations for the workers doing the digging), and after examining the figurines personally, he became a believer. He made his first visit to Acambaro in 1955, returned on numerous occasions, and eventually authored a book about his eighteen years of research into the figurines (see Hapgood, 2000). Consider the following measures, enacted to establish the authenticity of the Acambaro collection:
When Teledynes Isotopes laboratories performed dating tests on the carbon deposited during firing on ceramic samples submitted by Hapgood, dates of up to 4530 B.C. obtained. Arthur M. Young, the inventor of the Bell Helicopter, who had sponsored Hapgood’s investigation along with [Erle Stanley] Gardner [author of the Perry Mason mysteries—BH/BT], submitted Julsrud artifact samples [i.e., the Acambaro figurines—BH/BT] to the University of Pennsylvania for dating. Radiocarbon dating performed by Dr. Froelich Rainey in the laboratories of the University indicated that this culture may have been developed between 6,400 and 3,500 years ago. Additional tests using thermoluminescence method of dating pottery were performed. They produced dates of up to 4,500 B.P. (Before Present), or 2500 B.C., which upset the professional archaeologists and set off within the scientific and museum world a controversy over the accuracy of thermoluminescence dating. Retesting was done, and it was announced that because of anomalous factors in the clays it was impossible to determine an accurate date (Hapgood, p. 17).

According to David Childress, who penned the foreword to Hapgood’s book, the most recent thermoluminescence testing done on Acambaro pottery fragments (taken by Bill Cote and John H. Tierney during the filming of the video, Jurassic Art, in the early 1990s) obtained results of 3,975±55 B.P. (Hapgood, p. 18). Consider also the fact that teeth from an extinct ice-age horse, the skeleton of a woolly mammoth, and a number of human skulls also were found at the same site as the ceramic artifacts. Hapgood noted: “I later took these teeth to Dr. George Gaylord Simpson, America’s leading paleontologist, at the Museum of Natural History. He identified them as the teeth of Equus conversidans owen, an extinct horse of the ice age” (p. 82). Thus, the collection had evidence of extinct animals, human skulls, and dinosaur carvings from the same culture of people. But how could this be?

In 1999, Dennis Swift (who also was personally acquainted with Javier Darquea of Peru) made a trip to view the figurines. After receiving permission from the local authorities, he began to unwrap the ceramic figures. Dr. Swift noted:
There was an absolutely astonishing moment of breathless magnitude as one object was unwrapped and there before us was an Iguanodon dinosaur figurine. [For documentation on the Iguanodon discovery to which Swift alluded, see The Dinosaur Encyclopedia (Michael Benton, 1992, New York: Simon & Schuster, p. 80).]
Image courtesy of www.bible.ca


Childress went on to note in an article titled “In Search of Sea Monsters”:
Adding to the mind-boggling aspects of this controversy is the fact that the Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia through the late Director of Prehispanic Monuments, Dr. Eduardo Noguera, admitted “the apparent scientific legality with which these objects were found.” Despite evidence of their own eyes, however, officials declared that because of the objects’ “fantastic” nature, they had to have been a hoax! (no date).

This archaeological “hoax” presents insoluble problems for evolutionists. As Childress put it, “Most ‘respectable’ archaeologists will walk around the Acambaro mystery as if it were a land mine. The very existence of the figurines threatens the ivory tower of the current paradigm of history” (as quoted in Hapgood, 2000, p. 20).
Dinosaur Bones Only Thousands of Years Old?
Click here for larger image


In 1990, samples of various dinosaur bones were submitted for Carbon-14 dating to the University of Arizona’s department of geosciences’ laboratory of isotope geochemistry. Bones from an Allosaurus and an Acrocanthosaurus were among those sent to the university’s testing facilities to undergo a “blind” dating procedure (which means that the technicians performing the tests did not know that the bones had come from dinosaurs). Not realizing that the samples were from dinosaurs prevented “evolutionary bias,” and helped ensure that the results were as accurate as possible (within the recognized assumptions and limits of the C-14 dating method). We have in our possession—on the official stationery of the University of Arizona—a copy of the test results for the Allosaurus bones (see reproduction at right, sample B). Amazingly, the oldest C-14 date assigned to those bones was a mere 16,120 years (and only 23,760 years for the Acrocanthosaurus fossils; see Dahmer, et al., 1990). Both dates are a far cry from the millions of years that evolutionists suggest should be assigned to dinosaur fossils.
The Monster of Troy

The February 26, 2000 issue of Science News contained an article that diligently attempted to defuse a potential bomb within the evolutionary camp (Hesman, 2000). Sitting inside the Boston Museum of Fine Arts is an ancient Greek vase. This vase is covered by a series of somewhat unusual paintings, including one that is bewildering to both archaeologists and evolutionists. The vase portrays a monster that possesses the head of a dinosaur. And, to make matters worse, the images on the vase depict men and dinosaurs as coexisting.

Known as the Hesione vase, this elegant potteryware was created around 550 B.C., and depicts the Greek hero Heracles rescuing Hesione from the monster of Troy. The tale of the monster was first told by Homer in the eighth century B.C. In this legend, a terrifying monster suddenly appeared on the Trojan coast after a flood, and began preying on the farmers in the neighborhood of Sigeum. The king’s daughter, Hesione, was sent to be offered as a sacrifice to the monster, but according to the legend, Heracles arrived in time to kill it. The painting on the vase shows Hesione and Heracles battling the monster, with Hesione tossing rocks at it, and Heracles shooting arrows. You can understand the obvious plight of evolutionists when confronted with such imagery. Thus, in an effort to “explain” this artwork in light of evolutionary timescales, the editors of Science News concluded that the paintings on this unusual vase simply prove that ancient people dug fossils, too. They believe that this painting was the end result of fossils—possibly of an extinct giraffe—that were dug up thousands of years ago. What’s that old saying? If it looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, it’s probably a—giraffe?
Human Footprints with Dinosaur Tracks?

Consider also that in 1983, researchers reported in the science and engineering news section of The Moscow News that they had discovered what appeared to be a human footprint in 150-million-year-old Jurassic rock, next to a giant, three-toed dinosaur footprint. The article stated:
This spring, an expedition from the Institute of Geology of the Turkmen SSR Academy of Sciences found over 1,500 tracks left by dinosaurs in the mountains in the southeast of the Republic [Turkmen Republic—BH/BT]. Impressions resembling in shape a human footprint were discovered next to the tracks of prehistoric animals (see “Tracking Dinosaurs,” 1983, 24:10).

Naturally, this report has received precious little attention, given the mindset of evolutionists.
Historical Records of Flying Reptiles

Additional evidence for the coexistence of humans and dinosaurs is derived from various ancient writings. For instance, the largest creature ever known to have soared in the skies above the Earth was a pterosaur identified as Quetzalcoatlus (KWET-zal-COAT-lus). The fossil bones of one of these flying reptiles were unearthed in 1972 at Big Bend National Park in Texas. This Quetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 48 feet (which is longer than some small airplanes!). While these giant birds are not classified scientifically as dinosaurs (since they are not strictly land-dwelling creatures, as dinosaurs were, by definition), they often are lumped into a group of animals known as “dinosaur-like” creatures. Notice the following quotation taken from Herodotus, a Greek historian from the fifth century B.C., who wrote:
There is a place in Arabia...to which I went, on hearing of some winged serpents; and when I arrived there, I saw bones and spines of serpents, in such quantities as it would be impossible to describe. The form of the serpent is like that of a water-snake; but he has wings without feathers, and as like as possible to the wings of a bat (1850, pp. 75-76, emp. added).
Pteranodon


Herodotus knew of flying reptiles, and recognized that these creatures were neither birds, mammals, nor insects—but reptiles with wings. Notice also what the Jewish historian Josephus wrote 2,000 years ago about Moses and his army having a difficult time passing through a particular region because of the presence of flying serpents.
When the ground was difficult to be passed over, because of the multitude of serpents (which it produces in vast numbers...some of which ascend out of the ground unseen, and also fly in the air, and do come upon men at unawares, and do them a mischief)....
[Moses] made baskets like unto arks, of sedge, and filled them with ibes [i.e., birds], and carried them along with them; which animal is the greatest enemy to serpents imaginable, for they fly from them when they come near them; and as they fly they are caught and devoured by them (n.d., 2:10:2, emp. added).

Although these two historians do not mention the extremely large flying reptiles, they do record that snake-like winged creatures, which could fly, did live in the distant past. These reports are consistent with findings that A.H. Verrill reported in 1954 in his book, Strange Prehistoric Animals and Their Stories.
Primitive man, finding a fossil pterodactyl, might assume that the skeleton was that of some strange winged monster which still existed. Being totally ignorant of fossils and geology, an Indian or any other savage or semi-savage human being would never suspect that the bones had been reserved in rock for millions of years. Neither would it be possible for such primitive men to reconstruct mentally the creature as they appeared in life.... It is of course, inconceivable that the Cocle potter had first-hand knowledge of a living pterodactyl, ancient as the pottery is; yet had he been as familiar with the flying monsters as he was with pelicans and jaguars, he could not have depicted them more strikingly and accurately. Not only do the drawings show beak-like jaws armed with sharp teeth, but in addition the wings with two curved claws are depicted. Included also are the short, pointed tail, the reptilian head crest or appendages, and the strong hind feet with five-clawed toes on each (1954, pp. 55,57-58).

Obviously, the scientific evidence for the coexistence of dinosaurs and man speaks loudly, and yet it continues to fall on deaf ears within the evolutionary community. That silence, however, does little to change the documented facts, as we now know them.
CONCLUSION

Contrary to popular opinion, dinosaurs do not present a problem for creationists. In fact, quite the opposite is true. It is evolutionists who have a problem. While they continue to maintain, as the late paleontologist Roland T. Bird of the American Museum of Natural History once put it, that “no man had ever existed in the age of the reptiles” (1939, 43[5]:257), the evidence documents exactly the opposite.

The Mosaic record of the Creation is inexhaustively sublime. In it, we learn of the creation of the heavens and the Earth by an Almighty God. By divine fiat, light was formed and atmosphere was wrapped around this planet. Great seas were gathered together, and separated from dry land. The world of botany miraculously bloomed, and lights burst forth in the heavens. The waters swarmed with living creatures, and birds soared through the pristine air. Varieties of domestic animals and beasts were created and finally, man, the zenith of God’s creation, stood proudly upon the Earth’s bosom.

The dinosaur—one of the most majestic of God’s creatures—stood with man. No doubt they pondered each other’s existence. Today, we still stand amazed at these awesome giants. And as we do, their presence in the past should remind us of the magnificence of the God Who was able to speak them into existence by “the word of His power” (Hebrews 1:3). Awesome creatures—from the hand of an awesome Creator.
REFERENCES

“Age of the Dinosaurs” (1993), National Geographic, 183[1]:142, January.

Bakker, Robert T. (1986), The Dinosaur Heresies (New York: William Morrow).

Barnes F.A., and Michaelene Pendleton (1979), Canyon Country Prehistoric Indians: Their Cultures, Ruins, Artifacts and Rock Art (Salt Lake City, NV: Wasatch Publishers).

Bird, Roland T. (1939), “Thunder in His Footsteps,” Natural History, 43[5]:254-261, May.

Chiappe, Luis M., Rodolfo Coria, et al. (1998), “Sauropod Dinosaur Embryos from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia,” Nature, 396:258-261, November 19.

Childress, David H. (no date), “In Search of Sea Monsters,” World Explorer, vol. 1 no. 7, [On-line], URL: http://www.wexclub.com/BackIssues/WEX7.html.

Clayton, John N. (1968a), “The History of Man on Planet Earth,” Does God Exist? Correspondence Course, Lesson 8.

Clayton, John N. (1968b), Teacher’s Manual, Does God Exist? Correspondence Course.

Clayton, John N. (1977), “Dinosaurs and the Bible,” Evidences of God, Volume I (South Bend, IN: Privately published by the author), pp. 149-151.

Clayton, John N. (1982), “Where Are the Dinosaurs?,” Does God Exist?, 9[10]:2-6, October.

Czerkas, Stephen (1992), “New Look for Sauropod Dinosaurs,” Geology, 20:1068-1070.

Dahmer, Lionel, D. Kouznetsov, et al. (1990), “Report on Chemical Analysis and Further Dating of Dinosaur Bones and Dinosaur Petroglyphs,” Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Creationism, ed. Robert E. Walsh and Christopher L. Brooks (Pittsburgh, PA: Creation Science Fellowship), pp. 371-374.

Gould, Stephen Jay (1989), Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History (New York: W.W. Norton).

Hapgood, Charles (2000), Mystery in Acambaro (Kempton, IL: Adventures Unlimited Press).

Herodotus, (1850 reprint), Historiae, trans. Henry Clay (London: Henry G. Bohn).

Hesman, T. (2000), “Vase Shows that Ancients Dug Fossils, Too,” Science News, 157:133, February 26.

Hu, Yaoming, Jin Meng, Yuanqing Wang, and Chuankui Li (2005), “Large Mesozoic Mammals Fed on Young Dinosaurs,” Nature, 433:149-152, January 13.

Hubbard, Samuel (1925), Discoveries Relating to Prehistoric Man by the Doheny Scientific Expedition (Oakland, CA: Oakland Museum of Natural History).

Josephus, Flavius (no date), Antiquities of the Jews (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, reprint).

Morris, Henry M. (1984), The Biblical Basis for Modern Science (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker).

“Primate Ancestor Lived with Dinos” (2002), [On-line], URL: http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1935000/1935558.stm.

Simpson, George Gaylord, C.S. Pittendrigh, and L.H. Tiffany (1957), Life: An Introduction to Biology (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company).

Swift, Dennis (1997), “Messages on Stone,” Creation Ex Nihilo, 19[2]:20-23, March-May.

Swift, Dennis (no date), “The Dinosaurs of Acambaro,” [On-line], URL: http://www.omniology.com/3-Ceramic-Dinos.html.

Tavaré, Simon, C.R. Marshall, et al. (2002), “Using the Fossil Record to Estimate the Age of the Last Common Ancestor of Extant Primates,” Nature, 416:726-729, April 18.

“Tracking Dinosaurs” (1983), Moscow News, 24:10.

Verrengia, Joseph B. (2005), “Fossils Show a Mammal Turned Tables, Devoured Dinosaur for Last Meal,” [On-line], URL: http://www.cp.org/english/online/full/science/050112/g011204A.html.

Verrill, A.H. (1954), Strange Prehistoric Animals and Their History (Boston, MA: L.C. Page).

Wilson, Edward O. (1982), “Toward a Humanistic Biology,” The Humanist, September/October.


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                                                - A point of view based on a book. Now one of the latest discoveries based on DNA migrations.

Genetic mutation may have allowed early humans to migrate throughout Africa

A genetic mutation that occurred thousands of years ago might be the answer to how early humans were able to move from central Africa and across the continent in what has been called "the great expansion," according to new research from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.

By analyzing genetic sequence variation patterns in different populations around the world, three teams of scientists from Wake Forest Baptist, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, demonstrated that a critical genetic variant arose in a key gene cluster on chromosome 11, known as the fatty acid desaturase cluster or FADS, more than 85,000 years ago. This variation would have allowed early humans to convert plant-based polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to brain PUFAs necessary for increased brain size, complexity and function. The FADS cluster plays a critical role in determining how effectively medium-chain PUFAs found in plants are converted to the long-chain PUFAs found in the brain.

This research is published online today in PLOS One.

Archeological and genetic studies suggest that homo sapiens appeared approximately 180,000 years ago, but stayed in one location around bodies of water in central Africa for almost 100,000 years. Senior author Floyd H. "Ski" Chilton, Ph.D., professor of physiology and pharmacology and director of the Center for Botanical Lipids and Inflammatory Disease Prevention at Wake Forest Baptist, and others have hypothesized that this location was critical, in part, because early humans needed large amounts of the long-chain PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is found in shellfish and fish, to support complex brain function.

"This may have kept early humans tethered to the water in central Africa where there was a constant food source of DHA," Chilton said. "There has been considerable debate on how early humans were able to obtain sufficient DHA necessary to maintain brain size and complexity. It's amazing to think we may have uncovered the region of genetic variation that arose about the time that early humans moved out of this central region in what has been called the 'great expansion.'"

Once this trait arose, the study shows that it was under intense selective pressure and thus rapidly spread throughout the population of the entire African continent. "The power of genetics continually impresses me, and I find it remarkable that we can make inferences about things that happened tens of thousands of years ago by studying patterns of genetic variation that exist in contemporary populations," said Joshua M. Akey, Ph.D., lead scientist at the University of Washington.

This conversion meant that early humans didn't have to rely on just one food source, fish, for brain growth and development. This may have been particularly important because the genetic variant arose before organized hunting and fishing could have provided more reliable sources of long-chain PUFAs, Akey said.

To investigate the evolutionary forces shaping patterns of variation in the FADS gene cluster in geographically diverse populations, the researchers analyzed 1,092 individuals representing 15 different human populations that were sequenced as part of the 1000 Genome Project and 1,043 individuals from 52 populations from the Human Genome Diversity Panel database. They focused on the FADS cluster because they knew those genes code for the enzymatic steps in long-chain PUFA synthesis that are the least efficient.

Chilton said the findings were possible because of the collaboration of internationally recognized scientists from three distinct and diverse disciplines - fatty acid biochemistry (Wake Forest Baptist), statistical genetics (Johns Hopkins) and population genetics (University of Washington). This new information builds on Chilton's 2011 research findings published in BMC Genetics that showed how people of African descent have a much higher frequency of the gene variants that convert plant-based medium-chain omega-6 PUFAs found in cooking oils and processed foods to long-chain PUFAs that cause inflammation. Compared to Caucasians, African Americans in the United States have much higher rates of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease and certain types of cancer. "The current observation provides another important clue as to why diverse racial and ethnic populations likely respond differently to the modern western diet," Chilton said.

                                - And this one too....

                                Decoded: The Mystery of Human Migration

A new study aims to analyse modern DNA to track how man spread across the globe. Steve Connor persuades a series of high-profile figures to take the test – with fascinating results

Steve Connor

In addition to analysing DNA from about 425,000 members of the public, the Genographic Project has so far taken about 75,000 DNA samples from indigenous tribes around the world.

It is the greatest journey in history, and now the story of how the first members of our species walked out of their African homeland to colonise almost every corner of the world is being told by reading the DNA of their living descendents.

Half a million people from around the globe are participating in an ambitious project to reconstruct some of the ancient migratory routes that took Homo sapiens from their ancient African homelands to the relatively new territories of Asia, Europe, Oceania and America.

Hidden within the genetic makeup of people alive today is the encoded story of how their ancient ancestors made this epic journey, which covered many thousands of miles over many tens of thousands of years to complete.

The Genographic Project, a landmark study into ancient human migrations, aims to decode these hidden signposts within our DNA. By doing so, the project hopes to unravel the complex movements of the earliest men and women who were driven through necessity or curiosity to explore new territories and establish fresh roots in strange lands.

Human palaeontology, the study of ancient remains, suggests that the species Homo sapiens originated in Africa, probably East Africa, about 200,000 years ago, but it was only about 60,000 years ago that anatomically modern humans began their long and arduous journey out of Africa.

In recent years, with the ability to decode the human genome quickly and cheaply, it has been possible to compare the palaentological record with historical information on human movements stored within our DNA.

Over time, human DNA has amassed a bewildering variety of mutations that scientists can now exploit to build a picture of how men and women today are descended from the first people who moved along these ancient migratory routes.

One of the first big surprises of the Genographic Project, for instance, is the discovery that the initial journey out of Africa may not have been through the "northern route" of the Sinai Peninsula and Middle East, as initially proposed. Instead, they seem to have moved out of Africa by a "southern route" at the Bab-el-Mandeb straits at the mouth of the Red Sea separating East Africa from southern Arabia.

This migration may have required boats to traverse the shallow waters that would have existed there 60,000 years ago. But even with this apparent physical obstacle, scientists believe that the DNA analysis of the female X chromosome of present-day humans suggests it is still the most likely route taken out of Africa. "This was really the first study that had used that kind of genetic information to look at global patterns of human variability," said Spencer Wells, director of the Genographic Project and explorer-in-residence at National Geographic, one of the project's sponsors.

"What it confirmed was that the earliest migration out of Africa, and probably the major migration, had gone out through the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait to India. There could have been subsequent migrations out via the Middle East but certainly the majority of people trace back to that original migration event, and we're still tracing out the details of exactly what happened."

The DNA evidence shows clearly and unequivocally that Africa was the homeland of anatomically modern humans, neat, independent confirmation of the palaeontology. The genetic variation within people living in Africa, which is related to the length of time spent on the continent, is greater than all the variation in the rest of the world put together. "We see more variation in Africa than in any other group so that tells us we've been accumulating variation for longer than in any other group," Dr Wells added.

"Outside of Africa, we see more variation in India than anywhere else which tells use we've been living in India for longer than any other place outside Africa. The question is, how many waves of migration out of Africa were there, and what were the timings of those events?"

The information being gathered by the Genographic Project is starting to put dates to the key crossroads in the greatest journey of human history.

The Maternal Journey of Mitochondrial DNA

The haplogroups of our five UK-resident volunteers originated from different parts of the world many thousands of years ago.

Lionel Shriver, American author: V haplogroup

One of the great migrations west from Central Asia eventually resulted in the haplogroups found in western Europe. Lionel Shriver’s V haplogroup is relatively new, probably about 15,000 years old, suggesting that it came about as the ice sheets retreated at the end of the Ice Age, allowing small bands of early Europeans to expand their range from their southern refuges into the ice-free territories further north.

Evgeny Lebedev, Russian-born businessman: H haplogroup

Closely related to the V haplogroup, the H group of Evgeny Lebedev is one of several that are associated with the European expansion that occurred at the end of the Ice Age. This colonisation is associated with the spread of the Aurignacian culture, which is known for significant innovations in the design and use of tools. H is considered a western European lineage, but it is also found further east.

Bonnie Greer, British-American author: L3 (Subclade L3b)

The “L” haplogroup is closest to “Mitochondrial Eve”, a woman who lived about 150,000-170,000 years ago. It is commonly found among Africans today. The L3 subclade of Bonnie Greer’s maternal line eventually left Africa about 60,000 years ago and is ancestral to all non-African mitochondrial groups.

Shazia Mirza, British-Asian comedian: M haplogroup

The M haplogroup of Shazia Mirza is one of two that are known to have split off from the L3 group soon after emerging from Africa. People carrying the M haplogroup are likely to have travelled across the Bab-el Mandeb Straits into Arabia from the Horn of Africa. From there they went on to populate India, south Asia and Australia. The Mhaplogroup is common in southern parts of Pakistan and north-west India.

Ching-He Huang, Taiwanese-born chef: B haplogroup

The B haplogroup of Ching-He Huang is commonly found in East Asia and derives from a nomadic migration across the steppes of Central Asia between the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal. It is about 50,000 years old, one of the founding populations of East Asia and today comprises about 1 in 5 of the Chinese population. It is also found among Polynesians and Native Americans, indicating just how far this ancient genetic group has travelled.

Indigenous tribes

In addition to analysing DNA from about 425,000 members of the public, the Genographic Project has so far taken about 75,000 DNA samples from indigenous tribes around the world. The aim is to study the genetic roots of traditional people to shed light on their origins and broader relationships with people living elsewhere.

An intriguing journey of discovery of my chromosomes' origins

Paul Nurse

I was very interested to take part in this analysis as in my lifetime as a geneticist, sequencing the human genome has made possible extraordinary advances in understanding our origins. This analysis identifies tiny changes on the Y-chromosome that do not interfere with the function but do identify where the chromosome comes from.

The changes are markers that can help trace back the origin of the chromosome. Different changes arose in different places in the world, at different times. This allows you to determine the journey your own Y-chromosome has taken before it ended up in you. For example knowing you have a particular change can tell you that one of your ancestors lived in Central Asia 35,000 years ago.

I have known for years the general pattern of migration of Homo sapiens from East Africa to western Europe but it somehow feels more real when you realise that your own Y-chromosome has actually taken that journey. I had not fully appreciated how far east the common migration routes of my ancestors are likely to have gone, taking them deep into Central Asia.

It is strangely reassuring to know that two out of three people I see on my way to work will have a Y chromosome related to my own.

                                    - About Neanderthals

DNA analysis shakes up Neandertal theories

Western Europe has long been held to be the “cradle” of Neandertal evolution, and anthropologists have theorized that climactic factors or competition from modern humans were the likely causes when Neandertals started disappearing around 30,000 years ago. But new research suggests that Western European Neandertals were on the verge of extinction long before modern humans showed up.

This perspective comes from a study of ancient DNA carried out by an international research team. Rolf Quam, a Binghamton University anthropologist, was a co-author of the study led by Anders Götherström at Uppsala University and Love Dalén at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, and published in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution.

“The Neandertals are our closest fossil relatives and abundant evidence of their lifeways and skeletal remains has been found at many sites across Europe and western Asia,” said Quam, assistant professor of anthropology. “Until modern humans arrived on the scene, it was widely thought that Europe had been populated by a relatively stable Neandertal population for hundreds of thousands of years. Our research suggests otherwise and, in light of these new results, this long-held theory now faces scrutiny.”

Focusing on mitochondrial DNA sequences from 13 Neandertal individuals, including a new sequence from the site of Valdegoba cave in northern Spain, the research team found some surprising results. When they started looking at the DNA, a clear pattern emerged. Neandertal individuals from Western Europe that were older than 50,000 years and individuals from sites in western Asia and the Middle East showed a high degree of genetic variation, on par with what might be expected from a species that had been abundant in an area for a long period of time. In fact, the amount of genetic variation was similar to what characterizes modern humans as a species. In contrast, Neandertal individuals from Western Europe that were younger than 50,000 years show an extremely reduced amount of genetic variation, less even than the present-day population of remote Iceland.

These results suggest that Western European Neandertals went through a demographic crisis, a population bottleneck that severely reduced their numbers, leaving Western Europe largely empty of humans for a period of time. The demographic crisis seems to coincide with a period of extreme cold in Western Europe. Subsequently, this region was repopulated by a small group of individuals from a surrounding area. The geographic origin of this source population is not clear, but it may be possible to pinpoint it further with additional study.

“The fact that Neandertals in Western Europe were nearly extinct, but then recovered long before they came into contact with modern humans came as a complete surprise to us,” said Dalén, associate professor at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm. “This indicates that the Neandertals may have been more sensitive to the dramatic climate changes that took place in the last Ice Age than was previously thought.”

Quam concurs and suggests that this discovery calls for a major rethinking of the idea of cold adaptation in Neandertals.

“At the very least, this tells us that without the aid of material culture or technology, there is a limit to our biological adaptation,” Quam said. “It may very well have been the case that the European Neandertal populations were already demographically stressed when modern humans showed up on the scene.”

The results presented in the study are based entirely on degraded ancient DNA, and the analyses have therefore required advanced laboratory and computational methods. The research team includes statisticians, experts on modern DNA sequencing and paleoanthropologists from Sweden, Denmark, Spain and the United States.

“This is just the latest example of how studies of ancient DNA are providing new insights into an important and previously unknown part of Neandertal history,” Quam said. “Ancient DNA is complementary to anthropological studies focusing on the bony anatomy of the skeleton, and these kinds of results are only possible with ancient DNA studies. It’s exciting to think about what will turn up next.”

                                            - A different point of view

Prologue:

In anthropology in the ‘60s, my teachers attributed all human development to gradual evolution. A Miocene or Pliocene anthropoid ape that evolved from simpler primates slowly, in turn, evolved over millions of years into us [Clark, D., W., 1959, History of the Primates:178]. We multiplied as we planted food, created cities and developed ever-more effective technologies. Yet, in terms of biological evolution, we lacked linking intermediate skeletons of primates from which the teachers thought we evolved and modern finding indicate several contemporaneous advanced hominids co-existed with Homo Erectus, and may have been the product of human settlement on Earth long before Enki and crew colonized Earth, some 400,000 years ago.

In social evolution, anthropologists documented mysterious uplevelings of civilizations every 3,600 years or so, improvements Ancients said their gods gave them. Anthropologists believed gods imaginary. My chairman at U.C.L.A. said that technological innovations people themselves developed triggered population increase, greater sedentariness, more material goods, increased specialization and leisure, all of which accounted for social evolution. Neither he nor I ever considered gods the Ancients said gave them the inventions, crops and livestock that let them increase their numbers were real, let alone the source of cultural evolution. In the thrall of evolutionary anti-creationism, we discounted what Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Indian, Norse, Chinese, Tibetan, Central and South American said about gods who rode Celestial Chariots and threw thunderbolts and periodically boosted our civilizations with devices, laws and knowledge. [Goldschmidt, W., 1959, Man’s Way: 110 -117]

C. W. Mills documented how power elites control the world and lead it to war. Diverse countries’ elites collaborate to perpetuate competition and war. These elites descended from the bloodline of Enki, a human scientist from the planet Nibiru whom Sumerians saw as a god. Some 300,000 years ago, Enki combined his genes with those of a local hominid, Homo Erectus, to create goldmining slaves and, some 13,000 years ago, fathered Ziasudra, the hybrid ancestor our ruling elite. The elite still employ a master-slave code to run humanity. Ziasudra’s descendants, today’s elite leader-rulers, passed their mandate to dictate “from Sumer through Egypt to Israel through David and the messiahs, fostered by the Essene communities. Jesus was an Essene as was Mary Magdalene. They were man and wife in that tradition. The Roman Catholic Church perpetuated slave-code fear and subservience and suppressed, persecuted and brutalized the human-centered strain of the bloodline [that’s most of us].” [Gardiner, L., 2000, Bloodline of the Holy Grail; quote from Freer, 2004, Sapiens Rising]

In 2000, Cody and Robin Johnson brought me to a seminar led by Sumerian scholar, Zecharia Sitchin. Sitchin gave evidence in clay and stone of astronomical, geological and biological knowledge Sumerians said gods gave them, knowledge our scientists only verified many millenia later. Sitchin’s findings made sense of the missing links in our physical history as the result of genetic fusing of genes from Homo Erectus and seven – twelve foot humans from the planet Nibiru. He documented the early development and perpetuation of the power elite, the punctuated quantum jumps in our technology and the inadequacy of both the theistic and evolutionary dogma perpetrated by the elite. I saw that Sitchin’s work could break the elite’s stranglehold on us. I attended every Sitchin seminar I could and read everything he and the revisionist anthropologists wrote. Revisionist anthropologists, of which I am one, look at “myths” of the seemingly immortal gods as reports of what “gods” said and descriptions of what people saw these gods–with planes, helicopters, spaceships, laser and nuclear weapons, computers, weather-changing technologies do.

“The Sumerian scholar, Zecharia Sitchin advanced a robust and coherent paradigm of our genesis and unique history to enable us to rewrite the entire history of our beginnings and the planet astronomically, evolutionarily, paleontologically, archaeologically and redefine ourselves as humans. Sitchin’s thesis renders corrects creationism, redefines Darwinism. He could do this because he read Sumerian as well as the Semitic languages including ancient and Modern Hebrew, was steeped in the history, and had access to the accumulated scholarship and archaeological material from the Middle East rediscovered only in the last one hundred and fifty years.” [Freer, N., 2004, 2004, Sapiens Arising]

In Anunnaki: Gods No More, I hope to integrate for myself and students of our history a sense of who we are, how we got here, and how the new paradigm of Earthlings’ unique two-race genetics frees us from the model the Anunnaki imposed on us. The new view frees us the
physical and economic slavery, hierarchic obsession, derogation of women, gold lust, antagonistic religions and nations the Nibirans dicatated.

Free of short, desperate lives, we’ll create our future. We shall activate our latent Anunnaki genes, scientifically improve our own genome and take our place in the civilization of the galaxy.

The Chapters:
I. “GODS” CAME FROM THE PLANET NIBIRU
Sitchin Saves Civilization from the Godspell
Nibiru Hit Earth 4 Billion Years Ago

II. NIBIRU’S POLITICS PATTERNED EARTH
Crises Sent Godminers to Earth 450,000 Years Ago
Prince Alalu Killed Nibiru’s King Lahma
Alalu Gave Daughter to Ea for Fealty from Anu
Anu Wrestled & Deposed Alalu

III. ALALU PROVED EARTH’S GOLD
Alalu Nuked to Earth, Said Gold’s Here, Threatened Nibiru
Enki, with Water, Won Earth
Enki Fired Pilot Anzu
Enki Sent Abgal to Nibiru with Gold Samples

IV. NIBIRANS MINED & SETTLED EARTH
Anu, Enlil & Enki Drew for Nibiru, Earth, Seas & Mining
Anu Beat Alalu, Banished Him to Mars with Anzu
Ninmah Saved Anzu on Mars, Built Marsbase
Enki and Enlil Competed for Ninmah
Enlil Banished for Sud’s Rape
Abgal Betrayed Enki, Showed Enlil Alalu’s Nukes
The Seven Forced Enlil to Make Sud, Ninlil, His Royal Wife
Enki & Ninmah Bred Girls till She Cursed Him
Enki & Enlil Begat Enkiite and Enlilite Lineages
Nibiran Centers Aligned Landing Corridor
Ninurta Defeated Anzu and Astronaut Corps

V. ENKI, NINMAH & NINGISHZIDDA CREATED SLAVE RACE
Enki Studied Erectus, Saw Genome like Nibirans’
Enki Instigated Mutiny to Justify Nibiran/Erectus Mine Slaves
Enki, Ningishzidda and Ninmah Created Servant Species
Adamu, The Hybrid Male, Had Black Hair, Dark Skin and, Unlike Nibirans, Sported Foreskin
Hybrid Female Earthling Had Blond Hair, White Skin, Blue-eyes Just like Nibirans
Enlil Sent Adamu and Ti-amat from Eden to Africa
Enlil, Ningishzidda Said, I Denied The Hybrids Live-long Genes
Nibiru’s Perigee Killed Mars Gold Transhipment Base
Enki & Marduk Surveyed Moon Alternative to Marsbase
Enki Pledged Marduk Supremacy
Anu: Earthlings Finish Gold Ops, Anunnaki Come Home
Ninurta Brought Earthlings Back To Edin
Enki Begat Enhanced Hybrids
Adapa, Enki’s Brilliant Son, Bossed Earthlings
On Nibiru, Anu Denied Adapa Immortality
Dumuzi Stayed to Learn Husbandry, Ningishzidda Returned to Earth with Adapa & Seeds
Kai-in and Abael Fought
Ka-in’s Line Proliferated
Adapa and Titi’s Other Progeny and Their Issue Spread

VI. MARDUK & ASTRONAUTS ALLIED WITH EARTHLINGS
Earth Suffered Ice Age
Enki, Ninmah & Enlil Age
Perigee Produced Problems
Marduk Betrothed Earthling Sarpanit
Astronauts Stole Earthlings as Marduk Wed
Igigi Fortified Lebanon, Told Enlil: Approve Our Marriages Too or We’ll Destroy Earth
Ninurta Floated Ka-in’s Descendants to South America

VII. GALZU SAVED EARTHLINGS FROM THE DELUGE
Enki Begat Ziasudra/Noah
Galzu & Enki Defied Enlil’s Edict to Let Flood Kill off Earthlings
Galzu Lied, Kept Enlil, Ninmah, Enki & Their Lineages on Earth Despite Coming Deluge
Nibiru’s Perigee 13,000 Years Ago Drowned Sumer, Sucked off Mars’ Air and Surface Water

VIII. NIBIRANS REVIVED SUMER, BUILT SINAI SPACEPORT
Anunnaki Renewed Earth’s Crops and Beasts 11,000 – 10,500 B.C
Nibiru Perigee Tore Its Gold Shield
Nibirans Give Sumerians Bricks and Bronze
Ningishzidda Built New Sinai Spaceport

1X. NIBIRANS, WITH EARTHLING MINIONS, FOUGHT
Sphinx Face Spurred Marduk vs Ninurta Competition
Ninmah Parleyed Peace, Won Sinai
9330 B.C.: Marduk’s Descendants Fought Pyramid War I
Horus Beat Seth; Council Sent Seth to Canaan
Ninurta Built Titicaca Spaceport
8670 B.C., Pyramid War II: Inanna & Enlilites Defeated Enkiites
Ninurta Shot Poison Missiles on the Africans
Enkiite Gods Retreated to Giza Pyramid
Ninmah Finessed a Cease Fire
Peace Treaty Set Rulers and Fiefs
Enlil Divvied Fiefs; None for Inanna
King Anu Saw Galzu’s Ruses to Keep Nibirans Fostering Earthlings
Nibirans Got Temples, Earthlings Got Cities & Rulers
The King Took Inanna as Tantric Lover
Anu Pardoned Marduk, Left for Nibiru
Earthlings Built Enlilites’ Places in Sumer

X. INANNA FOUGHT MARDUK
3450 B.C.: Enlilites Bombed Babylon, Jumbled Speech
Babel Got the Babble
Marduk Foiled Enlilite Inanna – Dumuzi Union
Ereshkigal Stopped Inanna and Nergal Breeding Heir to Africa
Inanna Seduced Enki for Uruk’s Programs
3100B.C.: Marduk/Ra Returned to Egypt, Ousted Thoth
Inanna Ruled The Indus Valley and Uruk
Igigi Astronauts Followed Inanna to Indus Valley
Utu Revived Banda Whom Inanna Bedded as Dumuzi Resurrected
Inanna Started Immortality Quest
Banda and Ninsun Begat Gilgamesh Who Sought Immortality
Inanna and Marduk Fought to Rule Earth
Inanna United Sumer
Marduk Offered Pharaohs Immortality
Inanna and Sargon Spread Her Power
Inanna and Nergal Planned to Rule Earth
Nergal Betrayed Marduk XI. ENLILITES RULED SUMER, NUKED SINAI, LEFT SUMER TO MARDUK
Ninurta’s Lagash Eninnu Touted Enlilite Rule 200 More Years
Nannar Ruled Ur’s Third Dynasty
Clumsy Death of Enlilite’s Chosen King, 2/3 Nibiran Ur-nammu, Destabilized Sumer
Galzu Vision Led Enlil to Choose Abraham to Stop Marduk
Marduk Captured Harran, Allied with Adad & Hittites
Gods Nuked Sinai Spaceport, Left Earth to Marduk
Nuclear Cloud Killed All Sumer Except Babylon
Abraham’s Band, Circumcised for Identity, Survived Nuking

XII. ENLIL SPONSORED THE ISRAELITES
Enlil Demanded Obscene Obedience
En-route to Harran, Jacob Saw Enlil & Crew
Jacob’s Son Joseph Saved Egypt, Brought Israelites There
Enlil Told Moses, “Take Jacob’s People to Canaan”
Enlil & Moses
Enlilite Power Grew Against Enkiite Egypt and Babylon
Ningishzidda Brought Africans to Mexico
Many Nibirans Left But Some Stayed

XIII. “GODS”: WHO MODELED NARCISSISM, EGOMANIA, VIOLENCE, GREED, RACISM, SEXISM AND OBSESSION WITH HIERARCHY WILL RETURN FOR MORE GOLD
Part 1I

EXAMINE EVIDENCE
Sumerian Space Maps Showed Planets Beyond Eyesight
ET “gods” Saw Water on Planets and Moons
Nibirans Noted Twin Traits of Uranus and Neptune 6000 Years Ago
Nibiran Moon Info Predated Ours
Sumerians Knew Before We Did, How the Moon Formed
Nibirans Got Asteroid Makeup Right First
Sumerians Told Earth’s Make-up and History
Nibirans Long Ago Said How Life Evolved on Earth
ETs Said Nibirans and Earthlings Have Same DNA
Nibirans Engineered Genomes Before We Did
Nibirans Mapped, from Sky, Antarctic Landmass and Flood
ETs Left Huge Doodles and Rockets Takeoff Lines
Rocket Images, Descriptions, Route Maps, Calculations Support ET Hypothesis
Massive Masonry Proves ET Know-How Beyond Ours
Sinai Residues Show Nukes Hit

Part III
PERUSE THE APPENDIXES
Track the Timeline
Regard the Genealogy of Earth’s Royal Nibirans
Remember Who’s Who
Notice the Notes

Read the References
Bramley, W..
1989, The Gods of Eden, Avon

Clark, D., W., 1959, History of the Primates, Phoenix

Childe, G.,
1960, What Happened in History, Pelican

Cremo, M. and Thompson, R.,
1993, Forbidden Archeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race, Torchlight

Cremo, M.,
2003, Human Devolution: A Vedic Alternative to Darwin’s Theory, Torchlight
2001, Forbidden Archeology’s Impact, Torchlight

Diamond, J.,
2011, Collapse, Penguin

Doreal, M.,
2002, The Emerald Tablets of Thoth-The-Atlantian, Source Books

Ferguson, V.
1995, Inanna Returns, Thel Dar

Freer, N.,
1999, God Games, Book Tree
2000, Breaking the Godspell, Book Tree
2004, Sapiens Rising: Beyond the Babel Factor, www.neilfreer.com

Gardiner, L.,
2000, Bloodline of the Holy Grail, Fair Winds

Goldschmidt, W.,
1959, Man’s Way: 110 -117

Goodman, M.,
2008, Rome and Jerusalem, Vintage

Hapgood, C.,
1997, Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings, Adventures Unlimited

Hauck, D.,
1999, The Emerald Tablet, Penguin

Hazelton, L.,
2007, Jezebel, Doubleday

Hoagland, R. & Bara, M.,
2007, Dark Mission: The Secret History of NASA,

Holland, T.,
2005, Persian Fire, Anchor
Kramer, S.,
1971, The Sumerians, University of Chicago

Marrs, J.,
1998, Alien Agenda, Harper Paperbacks
2000, Rule By Secrecy (Part V, Ancient Mysteries), Perennial

Mitchell, S.,
2004, Gilgamesh, Free Press

Schultz, D.,
2008, The Earth Chronicles Time Chart, galactic2.net/KJOL/CCCA/timechart.html

Sereda, D.,
2012, Breakthrough: Faster Than Light Communication with ET, Open Minds

Sitchin, J.,
2011, Zecharia Sitchin Official Website [Website in citations]

Sitchin, Z. [ZS in text attributions]
1976, The 12th Planet, Avon
1983, The Stairway to Heaven [Stairway], Avon
1985, The Wars of Gods and Men [Wars], Avon
1990, Genesis Revisited Avon
1990, The Lost Realms Avon
1993, When Time Began [Time], Avon
1995, Divine Encounters [Encounters], Avon
1996, Of Heaven and Earth, Book Tree
1998 The Cosmic Code, Avon
2002, The Lost Book of Enki [Enki], Bear
2004, The Earth Chronicles Expeditions [Expeditions], Bear
2007, The End of Days, HarperCollins
2007, Journeys to the Mythical Past [Journeys]’, Bear
2009 The Earth Chronicles Handbook [Handbook], Bear
2010 There Were Giants Upon The Earth [Giants], Bear

Strauss, B.,
2006, The Trojan War, Simon & Schuster

Tellinger, M.,
2006, Slave Species of god [Slave Species], Music Masters

Thompson, R.,
1993, Alien Identities, Govardham Hill

Wood, J.,
1984, The Origin of The Moon, Lunar Planet Institute
***

NIBIRANS LONG AGO TOLD HOW LIFE EVOLVED ON EARTH: Validate Anunnaki/Sumerian Data: Datum 8

by Sasha Lessin, Ph.D. (U.C.L.A.)

“Scientists now believe Earth’s atmosphere reconstituted initially from gasses spewed out from wounded Earth. Clouds thrown up from these eruptions shielded Earth and it began to cool, the vaporized water condensed and came down in torrential rains. Oxidation of rocks and minerals provided the first reservoir of higher levels of oxygen on Earth; plant life added both oxygen and carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and started the nitrogen cycle with the aid of bacteria. The fifth tablet of the Enuma elish describes the gushing lava as Tiamat’s “spittle” as it poured forth, “assembling the water clouds; after that the foundations of Earth were raised and the oceans gathered” just as the verses of Genesis reiterated. Thereafter life appeared: green herbage upon the continents and “swarms” in the waters.” [ZS, Genesis: 134 ("Genesis" condenses Enuma.)]

3.4 billion years ago, “clays acted as chemical laboratories where inorganic materials were processed into more complex molecules. Inorganic proto-organisms in the clay acted as a template from which living organisms [one- celled microscopic algae like today’s blue-green algae] evolved. Defects in the clays acted as sites where stored energy and chemical directions for the formation of proto-organisms developed.” Green algae’s “the precursor of chlorophyllic plants that use sunlight to convert their nutrients to organic compounds, emitting oxygen in the process after algae spread upon dry land. For plantlike forms to process oxygen, they needed rocks containing iron to bind the oxygen; free oxygen was still poison to life forms. Such banded-iron formations sank into ocean bottoms as sediments, the single-celled organisms evolved into multicelled ones in the water. The covering of the lands with algae preceded the emergence of maritime life” [ZS, Genesis: 136 - 139] .

Crick and Orgel, our Nobel laureate scientists, say, in “Directed Panspermia [Icarus, vol. 19], a technologically advanced society on another planet in a spaceship with due protection and a life-sustaining environment, seeded Earth” Crick and Orgel “rule out the possibility that the essential genetic material had time to evolve on Earth.” They found the same twenty amino acids in all living organisms on Earth. All Earth’s organisms, when they evolved, incorporated within themselves the same four nucleotides “that and no other. [ZS, Genesis:152]

The Nibirans “figured out evolution on Earth.” Maritime vertebrates came 500 million years ago; land vertebrates, 100 million years later. 225 million years ago, fish filled the waters. Sea plants and amphibians moved from water to land. Plants lured amphibians to land; amphibians adapted into egg-laying reptiles. Some reptiles evolved into birds; reptiles on land grew to dinosaurs. 65 million years ago, dinosaurs died out. “Full agreement here” among the Enuma, Genesis and modern science.” [ZS, Genesis: 141 - 145]

“GODS” WHO MODELED NARCISSISM, EGOMANIA, VIOLENCE, GREED, RACISM, SEXISM AND OBSESSION WITH HIERARCHY WILL RETURN FOR MORE GOLD

Most Nibirans ignored our minds or manipulated our consciousness so they ruled and we slaved for them. They taught violence, greed, competition, hierarchy, slavery, racism, patriarchy, disdain for Earthling consciousness, blind obedience to them and murderous hatred of their rivals. Inanna, Nannar and the power elite here continue to divide and rule humanity.

When the Nibirans had enough gold to leave Earth, 13,000 years ago, the perigee of Nibiru created the Deluge, it also ripped away the shield of powdered Earth gold that protected Nibiru. “Nibiru’s atmosphere was again dwindling. The mother planet again desperately needed Earth’s gold.” Nibiru ordered the Expedition to send lots more gold at once.

If, next or in some future perigee, Nibiru again loses its gold shield and needs more gold, Nibirans may again dig our gold–after we’ve dug it. This time, I hope, we can request knowledge and help from them to resolve our political and environmental problems.

Rockets from Nibiru reach Earth best when Nibiru neared the Sun, at perigee. But at perigee also, Nibiru ‘s gravity perturbs planets and affect Nibiru’s atmosphere. Nibirans shuttle to and from Earth to match the best launch times, a span of 13 to 18 Earth months before Nibiru gets closest and, leaving, before it gets to far from Earth. While Nibiru “continues its vast elliptical orbit, the spaceship follows a shorter course and reaches Earth far ahead of Nibiru or, for a shorter stay on Earth, the rocket launches “when Nibiru is midway back from apogee,” a few years ahead of Nibiru. When the rocket nears Earth, “it goes into orbit around the planet without landing and releases a shuttlecraft to land. “Some of the earlier arrivals ascend to an Earth module and rejoin the spaceship for a trip home. To return, the shuttle had to rejoin the mother ship, which had to fire up and accelerate to extremly high speeds to catch up with Nibiru.” Shuttles took gold Earthlings mined to and from the base on Mars. [ZS, 12th Planet: 282 - 271]

Nibiru returns to perigee in 2012, 2040 or (if you take the speedup due to Nibiru’s interaction with Uranus, last perigee) 2900. Nibirans may again need our planet’s gold. Inanna and Nannar, who still dwell on Earth and the power elite they control here remain firmly in control of Earth’s resources. [ZS, End: 315 - 317]

But now, thanks to Zecharia Sitchin, Michael Tellinger, William Bramley, Michael Cremo, Neil Freer and Richard Thompson we now know our true genetic and political history. For the way that history plays out nowadays–until I finish my update of our history–I suggest study of Marrs’ Alien Agenda.

Now that we know what the Nibirans want–gold– and how they regard us–mere instruments, say the Enlilites, for their needs–we can resist. Resist and insist: WE DEMAND EQUALITY, COMPASSION, GENETIC ACTIVATION OF LONG-LIFE POTENTIAL, THE SECRETS OF FREE ENERGY AND SPACE TRAVEL. WE OFFER THE NIBIRANS OUR COOPERATION AND SYNERGY AS PARTNERS IN EVOLUTION

ETS USED WHITE POWDER OF GOLD TO LEVITATE LOADS AND HEAL by Sasha Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, U.C.L.A.)

ETs, whom the scribes of ancient Sumer called “gods” (the Bible’s Elohim), dictated the tablets and statue tags. Statues show the ETs looked like 7- 12 foot (and taller) Swedes with space-age weapons. These so-called “gods” lived millions of Earth years. The ETs said an atmospheric crisis 445,000 years ago on Nibiru drove them to Earth for gold.

445,000 ago, Ea (Ptah, Buzur, Hephaestus, Vulcan and Adoni), a Nibiran Sumerians called Enki, rocketed to Earth with fifty men. 50 Medics, 600 miners and 300 astronauts and Royal administrators followed them. The Expedition sought gold to refine to floating monoatomic white powder of gold and create a suprerconductive shield for Nibiru’s decaying atmosphere. Sumerians named the Nibirans Anunnaki–those who came from the sky.

Expedition personnel created a slave race from a hybrid they called “Adamu”. They blended their genes with genes of an African human we call Homo Erectus to make hybrid Nibran Earthling slaves. The Expedition leaders made sure the slaves had “food and shelter while they performed grueling tasks, the reason for which they did not understand. The stuff [gold] they were digging up had no value to them. They could not eat it, or use it in any way.”

The Nibiran Royals, their staffs and the Astronaut Corps needed “a steady stream of fresh laborers for projects. In the South African settlement area, from Mozambique to Botswana, Zimbabwe and beyond, where the descendants of Adamu labored for the Nibirans, “the extended ancient settlement covers an area much larger than modern Johannesburg, more than 500,000 square kilometers.”

The Nibirans and their Adamite slaves built circles of stone linked by a never-ending web of over 500 kilometers of roads or connecting channels lined on both sides with over 500 million large iron-rich, magnetically-charged stones. The roads climb slopes too steep for animals. The Expedition sent sounds along the magnetic connector lanes atop the natural energy lines of the underlying earth. The sounds capacitated energy and floated goods and water along the channels–the same way trains float above electromagnetic tracks.” Connector channels linked leach pits houses, terraces, workstations and ceremonial centers. Three of these South African cities contained 1086 million circular stone ruins over a 10,00 kilometer arera.” [Tellinger, Slave Species: 125; Temples:53-82]

In pits, the Nibirans and their workers leached some of the gold they mined into dark green monoatomic gold. They applied heated inert gas to the gold and stripped away one of the gold’s two protons and converted to a snow-white powder that only weighs 45% of what it weighed before the heated gas turned it to superconductive monoatomic gold, capable of levitating matter.

“The white, fluffy powdery substance, when exposed to a very small electrical charge absorbs energy and stores it–a capacitator and storage device, a superconductor, conducting information instantly between one end and the other.”

Nibirans also used monoatomic gold, which emits a “single frequency bright white light” to prolong life and heal. This white light “repairs all genetic defects in our DNA and heals human cells from any disease.” In 1931, Rife employed monoatomic white powder of gold to cure all disease but “this discovery was covered up by the phamaceutical fraternity when they realized this would cause their demise.”

MOSES’ ARK HELD WHITE POWDER OF GOLD





The Book of Joshua reveals Nibiran Commander Enlil (Yahweh) gave Moses the Ark, filled with monoatomic gold “Manna from the Heavens, Philosophers’ Stone, Elixer of Life”, before Moses led the Israelites from Egypt. In the desert, Moses used it to heal his followers. When he came down the mountain from his meeting with Enlil and destroyed the golden calf, he reduced the calf to white powder of gold , “took this powder, dissolved it in water and made the Israelis drink the water.” [Temples: 86 -87]

References:

Sitchin, Z.,
1976, The 12th Planet, Avon
1983, The Stairway to Heaven [Stairway], Avon
1985, The Wars of Gods and Men [Wars], Avon
1990, Genesis Revisited Avon
1990, The Lost Realms Avon
1993, When Time Began [Time], Avon
1995, Divine Encounters [Encounters], Avon
1996, Of Heaven and Earth, Book Tree
1998 The Cosmic Code, Avon
2002, The Lost Book of Enki [Enki], Bear
2004, The Earth Chronicles Expeditions [Expeditions], Bear
2007, The End of Days, HarperCollins
2007, Journeys to the Mythical Past [Journeys], Bear
2009 The Earth Chronicles Handbook [Handbook], Bear
2010 There Were Giants Upon The Earth [Giants], Bear

Tellinger, M.,
2006, Slave Species of god [Slave Species], Music Masters
2009, Temples of the African Gods, [Temples], Zulu Planet
2011,White Powder of Gold, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tp-WNrwQhk
2012a Temples of the African Gods,
2012b Michael Tellinger Youtube: Bantu Fled African Et-ruled Civilization after Sumatra Eruption 70,000 Years Ago http://stargatetothecosmos.com/michael-tellinger-youtubebantu-fled-african-et-ruled-civilization-after-sumatra-eruption-70000-

NIBIRANS MINED & SETTLED EARTH
by Sasha Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, U.C.L.A.)

Nibirans, recall, were 8-12 foot tall humans–like us but long-lived and technologically about 50 years ahead of 2012 A.D.. 400,000 years ago, faced loss of atmosphere. They hoped to get gold to reduce to white powder of gold to float into their skys where it would keep and protect Nibiru’s atmosphere. The Nibiran Ex-King fled to Earth in a rocket armed with Nuclear weapons. He found gold and beamed samples to Nibiru. Alalu demanded rule of both Earth and Nibiru.

ENKI SENT ABGAL TO NIBIRU WITH GOLD SAMPLES

The scientist Enki, son of Nibiru’s King Anu as well as Alalu’s son-in-law, rocketed from Nibiru to Earth to Alalu. Enki set up a prospecting camp at Basara (Eridu) at the mouth of the Persian Gulf. He routed a return to Nibiru for Pilot Abgal through the Asteroids.

Abgal flew the rocket to homeplanet Nibiru with sample gold. Scientists there processed it into “the finest dust, to skyward launch it was hauled away. A shar [one orbit of Nibiru around the Sun, 3,600 Earth years] did the fashioning last, a shar did the testing continue. With rockets was the dust heavenward carried, by crystals’ beams was it dispersed.

“[But] when Nibiru near the Sun came, the golden dust by its rays disturbed; the healing in the atmosphere dwindled, the breach to bigness returned.” [ZS, Enki: 86]

Anu sent Abgal to Earth for more gold and Enki sent him back to Nibiru with the meager gold from the Gulf.

“Enki traced the [Persian Gulf’s] gold to its nearest prime source–the gold lodes, huge veins deep in the rocks of Abzu [Africa]. Jubilant, he announced his find to Nibiru.” [ZS, Giants: 99, 138]

On Nibiru, Enki’s half-brother Enlil, angry that Enki led Mission Earth, demanded Enki prove vast, extractable gold on land. “False hope Enki gave already that gold quantity from Earth’s waters could Nibiru’s atmosphere save,” he said.

Anu gave in: “You Enlil, my legal successor are. Of Earth take charge; gold there assess for yourself.” Before Anu overthrew Alalu, Alalu had decreed Enki’s son Marduk–not Enlil–would rule Nibiru after Alalu. Now that Anu ruled Nibiru, he invalidated Alalu’s decree and instead decreed Enlil would, when he (Anu) stepped down, rule Nibiru.

Enlil landed on Earth and saw Enki’s find. Enlil beamed back to Nibiru that, despite initial doubts, Earth had gold enough to save Nibiru’s atmosphere.

But the basic rivalry between Enki and Enlil (that plagues Earth to this day) surfaced again.

ANU, ENLIL & ENKI DREW FOR NIBIRU, EARTH, SEAS & MINING

“Father Anu”, Enlil beamed from Earth to Nibiru, “affirm succession. I, son by your half-sister Antu, rank Enki, though, he, your eldest be.”

“Come,” Enlil implored,” to Earth in person and deal with Alalu, too, who claims rule here over Nibiru too.”

So, 416,000 years ago, Anu flew to Earth.

On Earth, he put three straws in his right hand, held them out to Enki and Enlil: “Whoever draws the long straw rules Nibiru. Draw the short straw and you command Earth. Middle-sized straw: run mining and sea transport.”

“By their lots the tasks they divided; Anu to Nibiru to return, its ruler on the throne to remain.

“The Edin [Sumer] to Enlil was allotted, to be Lord of Command, more settlements to establish, of the skyships and their heros charge to take. Of all the lands until they the bar of the seas encounter, the leader to be.” Enlil, “Lord of Command” extended King Anu’s military dictatorship to Earth. Enlil, who preceded Enki as Anu’s successor on Nibiru, now ruled Enki on Earth too. [ZS, Enki: 92 - 93]

“To Enki the seas and the oceans as his domain were granted, lands beyond the bar of the waters by him to be governed, in the Abzu [Africa] to be the master, with ingenuity the gold to procure.” [ZS, Enki: 92 - 93]

Enlil’s first act as Commander conciliated Ea. Enlil forever gave Enki Eridu, the settlement at Basara and gave the title, En.Ki, Earth’s Lord, on Ea [ZS, Wars: 81]

ANU BEAT ALALU, BANISHED HIM TO MARS WITH ANZU

When Anu and his sons divided rule of Nibiru and Earth, “Forward toward Anu Alalu stepped, shouted, ‘Mastery of Earth to me was allotted; that was the promise when the gold finds to Nibiru I announced! Nor have I the claim to Nibiru’s throne forsaken.’” [ZS, Enki : 93]

Anu wrestled Alalu. They grappled. [Sitchin, Wars: 86]

“Anu on the chest of Alalu with his foot pressed down, victory in the wrestling thereby declaring, ‘I am King’”

But when Anu lifted his foot from Alalu, “swiftly he the manhood of Anu bit off, the malehood of Anu Alalu did swallow.!” [ZS, Wars: 94]

Enlil tied Alalu while Enki gave Anu first-aid, who groaned, “Maroon Alalu on Marsh, I shall, to Mars, to slowly die from my seed, ” His flesh killed anyone who ate it. So Anu, enroute to Nibiru, left Alalu with food and tools on Mars. On Mars also, Anu left Anzu to tend the ex-King as he died. [Tellinger,, Slave Species: 438]

NINMAH SAVED ANZU ON MARS, BUILT MARSBASE

On Nibiru, Anu ordered freight rockets to shuttle from Earth and its moon, as well as other planets and satellites between Nibiru and the sun. He sent daughter Ninmah with doctors to Earth. “On Mars stop,” he said, “If Anzu lives, to him give men to there a base start.”

On Mars Ninmah found Alalu and Anzu dead but she revived Anzu. To honor Alalu who found the gold that could save Nibiru, “The image of Alalu upon the great rock mountain [Cyndonia] with beams they [Ninmah’s crew and Anzu] carved. They showed Alalu wearing an eagle’s helmet; his face they made uncovered.” [ZS, Enki: 104].

Before she left Mars for Earth, Ninmah gave Anzu twenty astronauts from her company and told them to build a way-station for the gold freighters.

                                    - Here is a list of Dinosaurs that we met some time ago....

This aritfact from the Colima culture dates to roughly the time of Christ at between 200 BC. and 300 AD. The Colima people are known for having made exceptional redware ceramics that are nearly unparalelled in the ancient art world. The figure measures 12 3/4 inches tall and shows a man with a club in his left hand and a shield in his right hand. The strange part is the creature grabbing the man from behind. Many researchers have been unable to identify the animal and have concluded it must be a Caiman, a large Crocodialian species from South America. Yet the figure does not resemble a Caiman nearly as much at it does another type of reptile. The creature on the sculpture most strongly resembles a Theropod dinosaur such as a Tyrannosaurus.

The long neck, large eyes and teeth, and long tail, along with it’s bipedal stance and “hands” all point to the creature being a Theropod dinosaur instead of a Caiman, indicating the Colima people of Mexico were familiar with these animals at the time of Christ.

Cocle’ Indian vase.

This vase made by Cocle’ Indians of Panama and is dated to A.D. 1330-1520. The image on the vase depicts what looks to be a stylized image of a Pterosaur. The discoverer Hyatt Verrill noticed to striking similarityh and said the creature had ” Beak-like jaws armed with sharp teeth, wings with two curved claws, short, pointed tail, reptilian head crest or appendages, and strong hind feet with five-clawed toes on each”. It seems clear that the Cocle’ Indians must have seen these creatures alive to portray them so accurately as if living animals, and not from fossils as many assert.

Dinosaur figurine from Acambaro, Mexico at the foot of El Toro mountain.

The radiocarbon dating given for the figurines, which include things besides dinosaurs such as races of people from around the world, were between 6,500-1,500 years old. This however does not give a fully accurate assesment of when the statues were made. However, once the scientists that were dating the figures discovered what they were actually dating they immediately retracted their statements regarding the age of the figures.

Many have claimed the collection of statues is nothing but a fake, backing up their claims with curious statements such the fact that very few of the clay figurines were broken and that they appeared very clean. However, many artifacts have been discovered in remarkable preservation, and the desert environment is one of, if not the best environments to preserve artifacts over long periods of time.Aside from this, it seems very illogical and unlikely that the many tens of thousands of figurines were all recent forgeries by people with no knowledge of dinosaurs whom immediately sought to bury the treasures they had made and leave them to be discovered without any way to claim financial gain upon their discovery.


Acambaro Sauropods.

More Acambaro figurines. The 2 in this picture seem to best depict sauropod type dinosaurs. One of which is in a reared up stance that is likely to be unknown to anyone ignorant of Dinosaurs. Also, the one reared up seems to have dermal spines on it’s neck, a feature unknown of Sauropods until the 1990′s.


Acambaro Apatosaurus.

An Acambaro piece that seems to depict an Apatosaurus, a type of Sauropod that although famous, was little understood when first discovered. The figurine also depicts it with a long, narrow head. Until the 1970′s it was thought that Apatosaurus had a short, box shaped head, yet these figurines were discovered long before this was known or corrected.

 

Acambaro Plesiosaur.

Here is another figurine from the Acambaro collection. This particular one is clearly depicting a plesiosaur. It even shows scales on the animal as well as other anatomical features that are all correct.

There have been over 50,000 figurines excavated from Acambaro, Mexico. Many of which depict dinosaurs.

The figurines depict specific species. This one appears to be an Iguanadon. It is depicted anatomically correctly, something that has only been established in recent years, yet this clay figurine was made long before such knowledge…How curious…


Acambaro Dinosaur.

This figurine from Acambaro, Mexico is one of many that were first discovered at the base of a mountain in 1945 by archeologists.This particular piece strongly resembles a Prosauropod, a type of Dinosaur not typically known of to people not knowledgeable about Dinosaurs. It has a long tail, neck, and skull, and shorter forelimbs than hind limbs. All of which are features of Prosauropods.


Acambaro Stegosaur.

A terracotta figure of a what very well resembles a Stegosaurus from Acambaro, Mexico. The piece is actually broken at the tails’ base and on one of it’s legs, possibly from excavation or natural causes that occured while entombed in the earth. It also appears unfinished or possibly just not as well made as others. The question remains, how could people have made such a piece of artwork without knowing what the aniaml looked like since fossil remains are buried deep and rarely ever have all the animals bones together?



Acambaro Dinosaur.

This particular clay figure from the Acambaro collection seems to be an attempt to portray either a Stegosaurus or a Dimetrodon. It is unclear since the tip of the figures tail is missing. Based on the teeth however it may be a Dimetrodon, a reptile believed to have lived before the dinosaurs.


Acambaro Ankylosaur.

This is another clay model from Acambaro. It strongly resembles an Ankylosaurus. As with many of the Acambaro figurines, this one depicts a species of Dinosaur in great detail including an armored back and a tail with a club tip.


Acambaro Pterosaur.

This is another clay figurine from the Acambaro, Mexico collection. This particular one is an obvious attempt to depict a Pterosaur of some kind. Although it is not fully anatomically correct, it may be since they were most likely never seen up close enough or often enough to develop a clear knowledge of their anatomy. What the creature is however is clear, and it is modled in much the same manner as Pterosaurs are in many other cultures and forms of art throughout history.


Acambaro Collection.

There are over 50,000 figurines from Acambaro, Mexico. There are numerous things depicted such as humans and even demonic creatures. However a large number of the items are replicas of Dinosaurs. It is clear that if Dinosaurs went extinct millions of years ago these indian peoples could not have known what they looked like.


Decorated Acambaro Stone.

This stone plaque was found along with the many clay figurines of the Acambaro collection. On the stone is picture a snake in the grass on the front, a bird on the top, a walking bird on the opposite end as the snake, and in the middle is a creature that strongly resembles a dinosaur.


Nazcan vase.

This piece of Nazcan pottery was unearthed in Peru. It shows a warrior fighting what seems to be a sauropod dinosaur. The Nazca culture is dated to between 100-800 A.D.


Nazcan clay water vase.

This Nazcan vase also depicts what mostly resembles a type of sauropod dinosaur. Including spines down the length of the back. Modern science didn’t know that sauropod dinosaurs had such dermal spines until recent years, yet these ancient depictions clearly show them.


Nazcan Dino pottery.

The creature shown on this ancient Nazcan vase is some sort of reptilian monster. It may depict what is known as a Postosuchus, considered an ancestor to the Dinosaurs. As if these art works didn’t already upset Evolutionary time frames enough.

Patagonian Map.

This old Patagonian map shows what appears to be natives hunting giant reptilian monsters that resemble dinosaurs. One creature has a long neck and may be a Plesiosaur, a creature that has been spotted in Patagonia on several ocassions. The other looks more like a Theropod dinosaur walking on two legs, there might be two of them together.


Nazcan water pot.

Nazcan pottery with a dinosaur on it. This piece is dated to between 400-700 AD. The animal looks like a baby Sauropod, something science didn’t have knowledge of until recent times and still understands very little.


Water pot creatures’ head.

A shot of the animals head. This creature seems to more resemble some type of Sauropod more than any other type of animal.


Peruvian textile.

A Peruvian burial cloth depicting dinosaurs that has been found in the same tombs as the Ica burial stones. The animals appear to be Ceratopsian dinosaurs, maybe Triceratops.


Peruvian dino vase.

Peruvian pottery from the Moche tribe that shows dinosaurs. The Moche culture is dated to between 100 and 800 A.D. This is much later than Evolutionary datings for Dinosaurs yet the Moche people had clear knowledge of such animals as can be seen by the Sauropod on this vase.


Moche vase

A vase from the Moche indian tribe of Peru. It is adorned with a clear depiction of a long necked dragon with spines alogn it’s back and even it’s throat.

The Ica stones of Peru.

In the 1960′s Dr. Javier Cabrera recieved an odd stone for his birthday. He later identified the strange animal depicted on the stone as an extinct species of fish. As the years went by Dr. Cabrera continued to purchase more and more stones from a farmer named Basilio Uschuya, after the farmer stated he had found a number of them. Dr. Cabrera’s collection now is over 15,000 stones in many different sizes with many different images. Basilio said he found the stones in a cave along the bank of a river after a great flood had come through and exposed the chamber. Time went on and the stones became a topic of interest to some res4earchers due to the images the stones portrayed leading some people to investigate them. In 1973 Basilio stated in an interview with Erik Von Daniken that he had faked the stones by copying the images from comic book, leading many to abandon research on the mysterious stones. However later in an interview with a German journalist Basilio recanted his admission to faking the stones saying that he had said he made them to avoid being imprisoned for illegally selling national artifacts.

In a 1977 documentary entitled Pathway to the Gods, Basilio made an Ica stone with a dentist drill and told the film makers he made the patina by baking them in cow dung, though this was never confirmed. The stones once again gained popularity when Dr. Cabrera decided to forego his medical career and open a museum dedicated to the stones in 1996. The same year another BBC documentary was released which prompted the Peruvian government to arrest Basilio Uschuya since it is illegal to sell archeological discoveries in Peru. Basilio told the government he had forged the stones himself saying it was easier to amke the stones than it was to farm, but stated he did not make all of the stones.

Dr. Cabrera determined that even if the man worked all day, every day, for his entire life that he could not have created all the stones. Since this, skeptics have chose to forego investigation of these relics and dismiss them as frauds since the farmer claimed to have carved them himself.

One of the largest problems with the assertion that the Ica stones are all fakes begins with the fact that they have been documented much farther back in history than Basilio’s account with them.

The first recorded mention of these perculiar stones is from a Spanish missionary, Father Simon who was journeying to the region of Ica in 1535. Father Simon accompanied Pizarro along the Peruvian coast and recorded his asstonishment upon seeing the stones. In 1562 Spanish explorers sent some of the strange stones back to Spain. Later, the Indian Chronicler Juan de Santa Cruz Pachacuti Llamqui wrote at the time of the Inca Pachacutec that many carved stones were found in the kingdom of Chincha in Chimchayunga, which was called Manco. Chimchayunga was known as the low country of the Peruvian central coast and is what is today known as Ica.

Centuries go by before more stones are documented more. In 1906 Javier Cabrera’s father was 9 years old when he witnessed his father (Javier’s grandfather) excavating tombs outside of Ica and finding several stones. Like other wealthy Peruvians, Javier’s grandfather had an extensive collection of Pre-Columbian artifacts. However these stones were lost or stolen long before Javier was born. In 1936 peasants plowing in a field uncovered a stone in the Salas region. The authorities attributed the stone to the Incas due to the preponderance of Incan relics in the Salas region.

The first official collectors of Ica stones were Pablo and Carlos Soldi who owned a plantation in Ocucaje. In 1955 stones were excavated from tombs on their property. Afterwards the brothers began to acquire more stones from hacqueros in Ocucaje. The Soldi brothers were personal eyewitnesses to stones being excavated with mummies and other artifacts from the tombs on their property and were the first to recognize the scientific importance of the stones. They requested official testing be done on the stones. They invited Peruvian archeologists to excavate for themselves or to witness excavations for themself. The archeologists declined sadly. Eventually the Soldi brothers had a large collection of stones as they were passionate archeology buffs and endeavoured to preserve the stones for the museums of Peru. In 1967 the Soldi brothers approached Dr. Javier Cabrera about purchasing the majority of their collection. Javier was skeptical because of the depictions on the stones but realised the significance of them and he eventually purchased 341 stones from the for the low sum of 7,000 old Peruvian Soles, the equivalent of $45 American. Javier had the stones stored in a room in his mansion where they stayed.

In the late 1950′s the currator of the Cullao Naval Museum, Commander Elias, acquired stones from hacqueros, including some who resided in Ocucaje. There were deposits of stones located roughly 20 miles south-southwest of Ica near Ocucaje and the Rio Ica (Ica River). The stones were documented to have been discovered in caves and graves. Having an intense interest in archeology, Commander Elias had approximately 300 stones displayed in the Naval Museum by 1973. The Regional Museum of Ica had a few stones from the tombs around Ica. When Carlos Soldi died in 1967 and Pablo in 1968, 114 of their stones were donated to the museum, some of which were on display in the 1960′s.

After official government testing Colonel Omar Chioino Carraza, the Director of the Peruvian Aeronautical Museum, declared he had no doubt about the stones’ authenticity. In 1974 he declared :

It seems certain to me…that they are a message from a very ancient people whose memory has been lost to history. They were engraved several thousand years ago. They’ve have been known in Peru for a long time and my museum has more than four hundred of them.

It is worth noting that the aeronautical museums collection was acquired from many locations across Peru and very few were from Ocucaje. An that a fair number of the engraved stones displyed images of dinosaurs on them.

Herman Buse stated that in 1961 there was a flooding of the Ica River and that a large number of stones had been uncovered. Hacqueros (tomb looters) have sold many of the engraved stones to museums and the Soldi brothers. This is where Basilio probably got many of his stones since he references stones being found after the river flooded and exposed them.

In the early 1960′s Santiago Agurto Calvo, who was a rector of the National University of Engineering, had a growing collection of the engraved stones. He never gave any of his stones to the Ica museum and the Calvo family still retains the collection in storage. Santiago published an article in the El Comercio newspaper in Lima about the fantastic images carved on the stones. He also submitted the stones to the National University of Engineering and the Maurico Hochschild Mining Company for scientific tests.

The archaeologist Alejandro Pezzio Asserto undertook official excavations in the ancient Paracas and Ica cemetaries of Max Uhle and Toma Luz. Alejandro was a trustee of the Ica museum and in charge of archaeological excavations int he cultural province of Ica. On two distinct occasions engraved stones were excavated from Pre-Hispanic tombs dating from 400 B.C. to 700 A.D. The stones in question were embedded in the side of the mortuary chamber of the tombs next to the mummies. In 1968 Alejandro published his work with descriptions and drawings of the engraved stones including descriptions and drawings of the stones. One stone depicted a five toed Llama that has supposedly been extinct for over 40 million years, another stone showed a bird in flight, and another depicted a species of fish that has been extinct for supposedly over 100 million years. These stones have since become part of the Colca Collection in the Ica Museum.

In 1966 Felix Llosa Romero presented Javier Cabrera with an engraved stone that had an image of a species of fish that has supposedly been extinct for many millions of years (this was the first stone Javier obtained and is often cited in most any account of the Ica stones, though rarely ever accurately). The stone given to Cabrera had been excavated from the Max Uhle and Toma Luz tomb sites near Ocucaje. Dr. Cabrera told Dennis Swift, the current leading authority ont he stones of Ica, that seeing the stone triggered an old memory of seeing a similar stone in 1936 when he was about 10. Being a distinguished Medical doctor he had already established the San Luis Gonzaga Ica National University and established the Casa de Cultura to preserve the engraved stones.

Since Dr. Cabrera’s involvement with the Ica stones Dr. Swift has learned much about the stones and their history and has documented much on them and written numerous articles and at least one book about the stones. He has had several stones tested at numerous facilities. The tests have all concluded that the authentic stones are clearly distinguishable from the fakes made with modern tools and that the authentic stones must be quite old judging from the microscopic analysis. Much more could be said of the history of the Ica stones, to read more about their history visit our Facebook page.

Though there have been faked Ica stones, they are easily distinguished by the fact that they lack patina in the carvings of the images whereas the genuine stones’ patina is constant all over the stone. In other words, the fake stones’ patina is on the rock surface since the rocks are genuine and natural but not in the images since they are recently carved since any carvings in recent times, at least the last several hundred years, would cut through the patina and remove it from where the cuts formed the images. The real stones have patina in the image engravings as well as the surface, meaning that the carvings are several hundred to thousand years old since the patina takes a long time to form, at least hundreds of years and perhaps longer. The faked stones also show the telltale signs of modern tools in the images such as metal flakes from saw blades or power tools, whereas the authentic stones show no such thing since they were made long before such instruments existed and have become glossed over with natural patina since they were carved.

The stones have passed every scientific test they were subjected to, and show a layer of patina, or desert varnish, that can only be made by being exposed to natural processes for a long time, yet undisturbed by human activity. On some stones, the patina is so thick and/or the stones so weathered that the images on the stone are obscured, having been worn off by natural processes. This means that though there are fake stones floating around, the stones from the Cabrera collection, as well as those excavated from tombs are indeed genuine, and that dismissal of all of the Ica stones as fakes is based on rumors and bias, not scientific scrutiny. Many skeptics discount the Ica Stones as being faked because the farmer admitted he made them and because there are some fakes. But the fakes are easily found out and the farmer would obviously say he faked them so he wouldn’t go to prison for life. Also the farmer eventually admitted that he had not made them several years later. It should also be noted that while some people claim that he made the stone for profit and made up the stories for money and later retracted his confession because he was paid, it is just as likely, perhaps more likely, that he confessed because he was paid, not the other way around.

“On January 28, 1969 I received word from Eric Wolf that the results of the laboratory analysis conducted by a Professor Frenchen and his assistants at the University of Bonn were available. The stones were andesite and were covered by a patina or film of natural oxidation which also covered the etchings, permitting one to deduce that they are very old.

“In view of the fact that the patina of oxidation that covered the stones proved the general but not precise antiquity of the engravings, and in view of the fact that precision could only be had by using the comparative methods of stratigraphy and paleontology, I requested authorization in April 1970 from the Patronato Nacionial de Arqueologia to carry out excavations in the appropriate zone. This institution alone had the power to authorize such excavations. On July 16, 1970, my request was refused. Thus the only means of dating the Engraved Stones of Ica was closed to me.”

In addition, several Ica Stones were discovered in unearthed tombs in the Ica region by archeologists in the 1960s, self-evidently authenticating these particular stones and bringing into question the almost universal dismissal of the Ica Stones in general:

“In 1968, the archeologist Pezzia Assereto, who had accompanied Agurto Calvo, published a book on the archeology of the province of Ica, in which he makes note of the discovery:

“Agurto was able after several attempts to find an engraved stone inside a tomb in the sector of Toma Luz of the Hacienda Callango del Valle in Ica on 20 August 1966… After informing the Museo Regional of Ica of such an important find, Agurto and I made another excavation on 11 September of the same year, in the hill called Uhle of the sector of La Banda in the Hacienda Ocucaje, and we found for the first time an engraved stone inside a tomb of the Paracas culture, a thing I was not expecting, but which proved, by association, the authenticity of these artifacts””
K. Doore (Ed); ‘Excerpts from “The Message of the Engraved Stones of Ica” by Javier Cabrera’

These stones depict many different things such as races of people, geography such as lost continents, animals such as dinosaurs and megafauna, alone and some interacting with man, man riding horses long before they were supposedly brought to America, astronomy with telescopes, complicated surgery such as transplants and C sections, brain surgery, heart transplants, and even sexual acts. The stones also show the same images as the famous Nazca lines. These representations are also accurate in that they display animal anatomy that is new to scientists such as frills on dinosaurs which were not known until 1992, the correct head positioning of Apatosaurus that until recently was wrong in museum amd art displays, the correct anatomy of Spinosaurus that was not known to scientists until this millenium, skin patterns on Dinosaurs that were not known until recent finds of fossilized dinosaur skin, correct nostril positioning on Brachiosaurus, and correct tail posture for many dinosaurs (given the room on the stone was ample). So if these stones were faked decades ago by uneducated and impoverished farmers in one of the worst places to live on Earth, why are they not based on incorrect information, even the kind that was considered accurate at the time by scientists?
Many of the stones show dinosaurs and man interacting with them. Some show people fighting dinosaurs, riding dinosaurs, being killed by or killing dinosaurs, and petting dinosaurs. It seems obvious that from the high degree of accuracy of the depictions of dinosaurs on these stones, that they could only be drawn from first hand experience, not from ancient people finding dinosaur fossils as some have suggested. The evidence of knowledge of skin patterns and correct physical anatomyis a great testiment to this fact since fossils are most often disassembled and just a few bones or even a single bone, rarely are fossils ever an even fairly complete skeleton.

Indeed these stones are the subject of much rumor and misinformation however thorough investigation of the facts leads one to the unavoidable conclusion that the carved stones of Ica, Peru are authentic Pre-Indian artifacts from a time when the native people lived alongside and interacted with large reptiles we now call Dinosaurs, and that these stones are a firm testament to the real history of life on this planet as is recorded in Scripture.


An Ica stone depicting a man riding an Apatosaurus.

The depiction of the skin texture and patterning on the dinosaurs on Ica stones is “dead on” as confirmed by every paleontologist that the stones were shown to. Since the discovery of fossilized dinosaur skin in 1992, it has been suggested that the large circles (not the small ones of which there are many more), would have most likely been located on the animals in places where the skin did not move as much, such as the side instead of near joints such as hips. This is how the circular patterning is shown on the animals on these stones.
On this Ica stone a man is shown riding a Triceratops.

Note that the textured skin shown on the animal was not known by scientists until 1992. Not to mention the amazing fact that this stone shows a warrior riding a Triceratops!

                                - Please, study the work of Klaus Dona, and You will find the answers you are looking for.

Klaus Dona comes from the art world. As Art Exhibition Curator for the Habsburg Haus of Austria, Klaus has organized exhibitions world wide. With this background his approach to archeology is unconventional. He has traveled the world in search of unique and unexplained findings. Intrepid and unrelenting, he is on a mission to bring to the eye of the public such finds as giant bones, carvings and sculptures in forms that do not fit into the contemporary view of our timeline.

Klaus held the world's first 'Unsolved Mysteries' exhibit to Vienna in 2001. The over 400 original artifacts on display revealed a forbidden archeology and pointed to lost civilizations whose acceptance would re-write history. Crystal skulls, ancient world maps, mysterious continents, Atlantean relics, golden space craft, tools that defy modern technology, magnetic pyramids that glow under ultraviolet light, and evidence of giants 25 feet tall! Join Klaus as he details his findings in 'Secret World I', the first in a series of educational DVDs that chronicle his adventures and discoveries.

Undicesima Tavoletta: immagino sappiate di cosa si stia parlando a questo punto. Allora, lasciamoli parlare....

Lode a Ninharsag, pacificatrice della Terra ! Così all'unisono proclamarono gli Anunnaki.
Durante il primo Shar (3600 anni) dopo il Diluvio, Ninharsag riuscì a placare gli animi.
Continuare di rifornire Nibiru di oro era di gran lunga più importante di qualsiasi rivalità e ambizione.
Lentamente la Terra riprendeva a brulicare di Vita, grazie ai semi della vita conservate da Enki.
Quanto era riuscito a sopravvivere, si moltiplicò in Terra, nell'aria e nelle acque.
Ma più preziosi di tutti, come scoprirono gli Anunnaki, furono proprio i superstiti del Genere Umano!
Come nei tempi passati, quando furono creati i Lavoratori Primitivi.

Gli Anunnaki pochi e affaticati, chiedevano a gran voce che venissero creati Lavoratori Civilizzati.
Quando giunse a conclusione il primo Shar (3600 anni) dopo il Diluvio,
la tregua pacifica venne scossa da un avvenimento inatteso.
Non fra Marduk e Ninurta, né fra i clan di Enki ed Enlil nacque la disputa.
Fra i figli di Marduk, spalleggiati da dagli Igigi, la tregua venne violata.
Quando su Lahamu (Marte) Marduk, Sarpanit, i loro figli e le loro figlie erano in attesa del Diluvio,
i due figli, Osiride e Set, si invaghirono delle figlie di Shamgaz, capo degli Igigi.
Quando sulla Terra fecero ritorno, i due fratelli sposarono le due sorelle.
Osiride scelse quella che si chiamava Iside, Seth
scelse quella che si chiamava Nebat.
Osiride, con Marduk suo padre, scelse di dimorare le terre scure.
Insieme a Shamgaz Seth costruì la propria dimora; la costruì nei pressi dell'Atterraggio,
dove abitavano gli Igigi. Shamgaz era preoccupato dei domini sulla Terra: dove saranno padrone gli Igigi?
Così Shamgaz incitava gli altri Igigi; di questo, ogni giorno, Nabat parlava a Seth.
Restando con suo padre, Osiride sarà il solo successore,
le terre fertili lui solo erediterà!
Così ogni giorno Shamgaz e Nabat, sua figlia, ripetevano a Seth.
Padre e figlia tramarono come mantenere la successione
nelle mani del solo Seth.
In un giorno fausto organizzarono un banchetto;
vi invitarono gli Igigi e gli Anunnaki.
Anche Osiride, nulla sapendo, giunse a far festa con il proprio fratello.
Nabat sorella della sposa, preparò le tavole, preparò anche gli sgabelli,
si fece bella suonando la Lira,
cantò una canzone al potente Osiride, Seth tagliò succulenta carne arrostita, con il coltello salato gli servì succulenti bocconi più prelibati,
Shamgaz gli offrì vino novello, contenuto in un grande calice;
per lui preparò una mistura, ma sopraffatto dalla mistura di vino,
cadde a terra.
Osiride fu portato via e chiuso in una bara,
sigillandola bene e poi buttata in mare.
Il resto è storia Egizia con l'auto inseminazione di Iside e la nascita successiva di Orus; il quale poi si vendicherà della morte del padre Osiride,
combattendo e battendo in duello aereo Seth.

Compiled and written by Jedi Simon